Background The prevalence of compliance with road safety regulations among commercial motorcycle riders at Hohoe is observed to be moderate with a rate of 59.2%. This implies that while a significant proportion of riders adhere to some safety guidelines, others still engage in practices that could increase their risk of accidents.

Objective In line with this, the study aimed to investigate the determinants of road safety protocol compliance among commercial vehicle drivers at Hohoe in the Volta Region of Ghana.

Methods The study was structured in a positivist worldview and adopted census method with cross-sectional descriptive design. Data were solicited from 395 participants from the field and were processed with SPSS version 27. Frequency distribution, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression were used to analyse the data. The frequency distribution was used to summarise participants responses into proportions. The Pearson’s chi-square test of independence was used to test the hypotheses postulated in the study, either to accept or reject the null hypotheses. However, the binary logistic regression was used to determine the effects of the IVs on the DV.

Results The study found that Islamic religion was less significantly related to road safety protocol compliance. It emerged that associations were found between socio-demographic characteristics (p<0.001), human factors (p<0.001), vehicle factors (p<0.001), environmental factors (p<0.001) as well as road factors (p<0.001), and commercial drivers’ road safety protocol compliance at Hohoe in the Volta Region of Ghana.

Conclusion These findings suggest that improving compliance requires a multifaceted approach that prioritises infrastructure development, driver training, and targeted interventions based on the broader contextual factors impacting driver behaviour, rather than focusing solely on religious affiliation.

The authors have declared no competing interest.

The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.

I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.

Yes

The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

The study obtained an ethical clearance with ID (UHAS-REC A. [018]) 21-22 from The Research Committee of the University of Health and Allied Sciences

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The data is primary and contains sensitive information about the participants which prohibits sharing publicly. However, it can be shared upon request from the corresponding author through anthonyedward58yahoo.com