Int J Angiol
DOI: 10.1055/a-2650-7678

Authors Author Affiliations

Veronika Gašpárková

1   Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

Radka Adlová

1   Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

Petr Ošťádal

1   Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

Petr Hájek

1   Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

Petr Kala

1   Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

2   Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic

Funding The Ministry of Health in the Czech Republic—conceptual development of research organization—Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic, supported this work (00064203). Petr Kala is supported by the Ministry of Health of the Czech Republic (grant number: NU23J-02-00015).   Buy Article(opens in new window) Permissions and Reprints(opens in new window) Abstract

Patients with chest pain are frequently diagnosed with angina pectoris with nonobstructive coronary arteries (ANOCA). The pathophysiology mainly involves the following mechanisms: structural or functional impairment of the microcirculation, functional impairment of the epicardial arteries, or a combination of both. This review describes the diagnosis of ANOCA, focusing on comprehensive coronary functional testing, resulting in more accurate endotyping and subsequent targeted treatment. It also determines the theoretical basis and practical aspects with graphic examples of the examination.

Keywords angina with nonobstructive coronary artery disease - comprehensive coronary functional testing - coronary microcirculation - microvascular angina - vasospastic angina - coronary thermodilution - acetylcholine testing Publication History

Article published online:
08 August 2025

© 2025. International College of Angiology. This article is published by Thieme.

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