Iatrogenic nerve injuries of the upper limb have profound impacts on patients their pain, functionality, and quality of life.

This study aims to identify and analyze the most cited publications on those iatrogenic injuries to elicit trends, thematic analysis, and reduce risk.

A bibliometric analysis was performed using the Web of Science database. Search terms included “Iatrogenic,” “Upper Limb,” “Nerve,” and “Injury.” The top 50 cited peer-reviewed publications were ranked by citation count and analyzed for publication year, journal, country of origin, institutional affiliations, authorship, and research focus. Trends in diagnostic and management practices were also evaluated.

The most cited articles, published between 1995 and 2022, peaked in publication frequency in 2010 and 2017 (n = 4 each). Citation counts ranged from 7 to 260, with a median of 26.5 (± 15.0, 95% confidence interval: 16–75). These articles were featured in 44 journals. The United States emerged as the leading contributor in both volume and impact (n = 16). Prominent themes included supracondylar humerus fractures (n = 21) and humeral shaft fractures (n = 10), alongside mentions of diaphyseal humeral fractures and shoulder surgery (n = 4 each). Ulnar nerve injuries were the most frequently discussed (n = 23), followed by injuries involving multiple nerves (n = 18) and the radial nerve (n = 14).

This bibliometric analysis highlights key studies on iatrogenic upper limb nerve injuries, identifies trends and gaps, and lays a foundation for evidence-based protocols. It also serves as a guide for future research and collaborative efforts to improve prevention and treatment.

S.S.G.: Conceptualization, searching, methodology, writeup—original draft, writeup—revisions. A.G.K.: searching, methodology, writeup—original draft. H.S.: searching, methodology, writeup—original draft. A.S.: conceptualization, writeup—revisions, supervision. A.P.: conceptualization, writeup—revisions, supervision. M.F.: Conceptualization, writeup—revisions, supervision. M.S.: conceptualization, writeup—revisions, supervision. K.S.: Conceptualization, writeup—revisions, supervision

Received: 04 July 2025

Accepted: 16 September 2025

Article published online:
07 October 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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