Volume 107, March 2026, 106987Author links open overlay panelMulan Jiang, Anastasia Vishnevetsky, Mattia Wruble Clark, Monique Anderson, Takahisa Mikami, Rebecca Gillani, Fabian Murillo, Joao Vitor Mahler Ferreira Oliveira, Rebecca Salky, Gabriela Romanow, Michael Levy, Philippe A. BilodeauShow moreAccess through your organization

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This work was supported by sundry funds

Mulan Jiang: No disclosures

Philippe A. Bilodeau: PB has received research support from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Department of Defense and the Ann Theodore Foundation. Through Mass General Brigham, PB has received research support from Alexion.

Anastasia Vishenvetsky: AV has received research support from the National MS Society, the MOG Project, Siegel Rare Neuroimmune Association (SRNA), Alexion Pharmaceuticals, argenx, and Jazz

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Mulan Jiang: Writing – original draft, Formal analysis, Conceptualization. Anastasia Vishnevetsky: Writing – review & editing, Data curation. Mattia Wruble Clark: Writing – review & editing, Data curation. Monique Anderson: Writing – review & editing, Data curation. Takahisa Mikami: Writing – review & editing, Data curation. Rebecca Gillani: Writing – review & editing, Data curation. Fabian Murillo: Data curation. Joao Vitor Mahler Ferreira Oliveira: Writing – review & editing, Data curation.

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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