From the ∗Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico

†Research Unit of Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy

‡Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Clinic Bonn, and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, DZNE, Bonn, Germany

§Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

∥Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA

¶David Hartley Chair of Radiology, Royal Perth Hospital and University of Western Australia

#Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia

∗∗Centre for Medical Sciences, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.

Received for publication February 25, 2023; and accepted for publication, after revision, March 18, 2023.

Author contributions: C.A.M. and C.C.Q. contributed to the conceptualization, resources, and data curation; all authors contributed to the methodology, validation, formal analysis, investigation, visualization, writing—original draft preparation, and writing—review and editing; C.C.Q. contributed to supervision; and C.A.M. contributed to project administration. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: A.J.v.d.M. receives consultancy fees from Guerbet (for the gadopiclenol, Expert Group Netherlands). G.Z. reported the following: Subtle Medical (co-founder, equity, spouse employment), GE Healthcare (funding support), Biogen (consultant), and Nvidia (GPU donation). All the other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Correspondence to: Carlo A. Mallio, MD, PhD, Operative Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, I-00128 Rome, Italy. E-mail: [email protected].