Lenvatinib suppress FGF19–FGFR4 signaling to enhance antitumor immune response in gastric cancer

Jim MA, Pinheiro PS, Carreira H, Espey DK, Wiggins CL, Weir HK. Stomach cancer survival in the United States by race and stage (2001–2009): Findings from the CONCORD-2 study. Cancer. 2017;123(Suppl 24):4994–5013.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Taniyama Y, Katanoda K, Charvat H, Hori M, Ohno Y, Sasazuki S, et al. Estimation of lifetime cumulative incidence and mortality risk of gastric cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2017;47:1097–102.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kono K, Nakajima S, Mimura K. Current status of immune checkpoint inhibitors for gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer: Off J Int Gastric Cancer Assoc Jpn Gastric Cancer Assoc. 2020;23:565–78.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Van Cutsem E, Bang YJ, Feng-Yi F, Xu JM, Lee KW, Jiao SC, et al. HER2 screening data from ToGA: targeting HER2 in gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer. Gastric Cancer: Off J Int Gastric Cancer Assoc Jpn Gastric Cancer Assoc. 2015;18:476–84.

Article  Google Scholar 

Shitara K, Bang YJ, Iwasa S, Sugimoto N, Ryu MH, Sakai D, et al. Trastuzumab deruxtecan in previously treated HER2-positive gastric cancer. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:2419–30.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Le DT, Durham JN, Smith KN, Wang H, Bartlett BR, Aulakh LK, et al. Mismatch repair deficiency predicts response of solid tumors to PD-1 blockade. Science. 2017;357:409–13.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cocco E, Scaltriti M, Drilon A. NTRK fusion-positive cancers and TRK inhibitor therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018;15:731–47.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kang YK, Boku N, Satoh T, Ryu MH, Chao Y, Kato K, et al. Nivolumab in patients with advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer refractory to, or intolerant of, at least two previous chemotherapy regimens (ONO-4538-12, ATTRACTION-2): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2017;390:2461–71.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Muro K, Chung HC, Shankaran V, Geva R, Catenacci D, Gupta S, et al. Pembrolizumab for patients with PD-L1-positive advanced gastric cancer (KEYNOTE-012): a multicentre, open-label, phase 1b trial. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17:717–26.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shitara K, Van Cutsem E, Bang YJ, Fuchs C, Wyrwicz L, Lee KW, et al. Efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab or pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone for patients with first-line, advanced gastric cancer: the KEYNOTE-062 phase 3 randomized clinical trial. JAMA Oncol. 2020;6:1571–80.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shitara K, Ajani JA, Moehler M, Garrido M, Gallardo C, Shen L, et al. Nivolumab plus chemotherapy or ipilimumab in gastro-oesophageal cancer. Nature. 2022;603:942–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Romero D. First-line pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib is effective in non-clear-cell RCC. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2023;20:661.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Makker V, Colombo N, Casado Herraez A, Santin AD, Colomba E, Miller DS, et al. Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab for advanced endometrial cancer. N Engl J Med. 2022;386:437–48.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Motzer R, Choueiri TK. Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab for renal cell carcinoma. Reply N Engl J Med. 2021;385:287.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Taylor MH, Lee CH, Makker V, Rasco D, Dutcus CE, Wu J, et al. Phase IB/II trial of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma, endometrial cancer, and other selected advanced solid tumors. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38:1154–63.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Makker V, Taylor MH, Aghajanian C, Oaknin A, Mier J, Cohn AL, et al. Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced endometrial cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38:2981–92.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kawazoe A, Fukuoka S, Nakamura Y, Kuboki Y, Wakabayashi M, Nomura S, et al. Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced gastric cancer in the first-line or second-line setting (EPOC1706): an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2020;21:1057–65.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yukami H, Kawazoe A, Lin YT, Koyama S, Fukuoka S, Hara H, et al. Updated efficacy outcomes of anti-PD-1 antibodies plus multikinase inhibitors for patients with advanced gastric cancer with or without liver metastases in clinical trials. Clin Cancer Res. 2022;28:3480–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yamauchi M, Ono A, Amioka K, Fujii Y, Nakahara H, Teraoka Y, et al. Lenvatinib activates anti-tumor immunity by suppressing immunoinhibitory infiltrates in the tumor microenvironment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Commun Med (Lond). 2023;3:152.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kato Y, Tabata K, Kimura T, Yachie-Kinoshita A, Ozawa Y, Yamada K, et al. Lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 antibody combination treatment activates CD8+ T cells through reduction of tumor-associated macrophage and activation of the interferon pathway. PLoS ONE. 2019;14: e0212513.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yi C, Chen L, Lin Z, Liu L, Shao W, Zhang R, et al. Lenvatinib targets FGF receptor 4 to enhance antitumor immune response of anti-programmed cell death-1 in HCC. Hepatology. 2021;74:2544–60.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kase K, Saito M, Nakajima S, Takayanagi D, Saito K, Yamada L, et al. ARID1A deficiency in EBV-positive gastric cancer is partially regulated by EBV-encoded miRNAs, but not by DNA promotor hypermethylation. Carcinogenesis. 2021;42:21–30.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ashizawa M, Saito M, Min AKT, Ujiie D, Saito K, Sato T, et al. Prognostic role of ARID1A negative expression in gastric cancer. Sci Rep. 2019;9:6769.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yamada L, Saito M, Thar Min AK, Saito K, Ashizawa M, Kase K, et al. Selective sensitivity of EZH2 inhibitors based on synthetic lethality in ARID1A-deficient gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer: Off J Int Gastric Cancer Assoc Jpn Gastric Cancer Assoc. 2021;24:60–71.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Nakano H, Saito M, Nakajima S, Saito K, Nakayama Y, Kase K, et al. PD-L1 overexpression in EBV-positive gastric cancer is caused by unique genomic or epigenomic mechanisms. Sci Rep. 2021;11:1982.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tsumuraya H, Mimura K, Nakajima S, Hanayama H, Matsuishi A, Okayama H, et al. Tumor infiltrating effector regulatory T cells express VEGF receptor 2 in patients with colorectal cancer. Anticancer Res. 2024;44:2933–41.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nakajima S, Kaneta A, Okayama H, Saito K, Kikuchi T, Endo E, et al. The impact of tumor cell-intrinsic expression of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) on the infiltration of CD8(+) T cells and clinical outcomes in mismatch repair proficient/microsatellite stable colorectal cancer. Cancers. 2023. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15102826.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cancer Genome Atlas Research N. Comprehensive molecular characterization of gastric adenocarcinoma. Nature. 2014;513:202–9.

Article  Google Scholar 

Cristescu R, Lee J, Nebozhyn M, Kim KM, Ting JC, Wong SS, et al. Molecular analysis of gastric cancer identifies subtypes associated with distinct clinical outcomes. Nat Med. 2015;21:449–56.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

D’Errico M, de Rinaldis E, Blasi MF, Viti V, Falchetti M, Calcagnile A, et al. Genome-wide expression profile of sporadic gastric cancers with microsatellite instability. Eur J Cancer. 2009;45:461–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed 

Comments (0)

No login
gif