Adzick, N. Scott, Elizabeth A. Thom, Catherine Spong, et al. 2011. A randomized trial of prenatal versus postnatal repair of myelomeningocele. New England Journal of Medicine 364:993–1004. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1014379.
Agosta, Lou. 2014. A Rumor of Empathy in Hume’s Many Uses of Sympathy. In A Rumor of Empathy: Rewriting Empathy in the Context of Philosophy, 9–30. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137465344_2.
Ashworth, B. 2003. John Gregory and the background to medical philosophy. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians Edinburgh 32: 67–69.
Beauchamp, T.L., and J.F. Childress. 2013. Respect for autonomy. In The Principles of Biomedical Ethics, 7th ed., 101–125. Oxford University Press.
Best, Kate E., Nicola Miller, Elizabeth Draper, et al. 2021. The improved prognosis of hypoplastic left heart: a population-based register study of 343 cases in England and Wales. Frontiers in Pediatrics 9:635776. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2021.635776.
Brown, Stephen D., Robert D. Truog, Judith A. Johnson, and andJeffrey L. Ecker. 2006. Do differences in the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists positions on the ethics of maternal-fetal interventions reflect subtly divergent professional sensitivities to pregnant women and fetuses? Pediatrics 117 (4): 1382–1387. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-2724.
General Medical Council. 2020. The information you give patients. In Decision making and consent: Guidance on professional standards and ethics for doctors, 10–13. UK: General Medical Council.
Courtland, Shane D. 2017. Hobbesian right to healthcare. Journal of Applied Philosophy 34 (1): 99–113. https://doi.org/10.1111/japp.12124.
Donofrio, M., A. Moon-Grady, L.K. Hornberger, et al. 2014. Diagnosis and treatment of fetal cardiac disease: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.cir.0000437597.44550.5d.
Friedman, K. G., L. A. Sleeper, L. R. Freud, et al. 2018. Improved technical success, postnatal outcome and refined predictors of outcome for fetal aortic valvuloplasty. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecolology. 52 (2): 212–220. https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.17530.
Halliday, Sam. 2016. Comparative Analysis. In Autonomy and Pregnancy: A Comparative Analysis of Compelled Obstetric Intervention, 206–207. Routledge.
Jantzen, David W., Anita Moon-Grady, Shaine A. Morris, et al. 2017. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome with intact or restrictive atrial septum. International Fetal Cardiac Intervention Registry. Circulation 136:14. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.025873.
Jonsen, Albert R., Mark Siegler, and William J. Winslade. 2015. The four topics. In Clinical Ethics: A practical approach to Ethical Decisions in Clinical Medicine, 8th ed., 3–4. Elsevier McGraw-Hill.
Kang, Sok-Leng, Edgar Jaeggi, Greg Ryan, and Rajiv R. Chaturvedi. 2020. An overview of contemporary outcomes in fetal cardiac intervention: A case for high-volume superspecialization? Pediatric Cardiology 41 (3): 479–485. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-020-02294-2.
Kovacevic, Alexander, Michael Elsasser, Herbert Fluhr, et al. 2021. Counseling for fetal heart disease – current standards and best practice. Translational Pediatrics 10 (8): https://doi.org/10.21037/tp-20-181.
Mäkikallio, Kaarin, Doff B. McElhinny, Jami C. Levine, et al. 2006. Fetal aortic valve stenosis and the evolution of hypoplastic left heart syndrome: Patient selection for fetal intervention. Circulation 113:11. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.588194.
Malhotra, Atul, Samuel Menahem, and Lynn Gilliam. 2010. Ethical issues in fetal management: a cardiac perspective. International Journal of Pediatrics. 2010:857460. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/857460.
Mallmann, M.R., U. Herberg, I. Gottschalk, et al. 2020. Fetal cardiac intervention in critical aortic stenosis with severe mitral regurgitation, severe left atrial enlargement, and restrictive foramen ovale. Fetal Diagnosis & Therapy. 47 (5): 440–447. https://doi.org/10.1159/000502840
Marshall, Audrey C., Mary E. van der Velde, Wayne Tworetzky, et al. 2004. Creation of an atrial septal defect in utero for fetuses with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and intact or highly restrictive atrial septum. Circulation 110:3. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.0000135471.17922.17.
Mavroudis, Constantine D. 2011. Foetal cardiac intervention: An ethical perspective. Cardiology in the Young 21 (Supp 2): 141–147. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951111001727.
McCullough, Laurence B. 1998. John Gregory and the invention of professional medical ethics and the profession of medicine. Kuwer Academic Publishers.
McCullough, Laurence B. 2006. John Gregory’s medical ethics and the reform of medical practice in 18th century Edinburgh. Journal of the Royal College of Physicians Edinburgh 36: 86–92.
McCullough, Laurence B., and Frank A. Cervenak. 2018. The ethical concept of the fetus as a patient: responses to its critics. In The Fetus as a Patient: A Contested Concept and its Normative Implications, ed. Dagmar Schmitz, Angus Clarke, and Wybo Dorndorp, 40–49. Routledge.
McElhinny, Doff B., Wayne Tworetsky, and James E. Locke. 2010. The current status of fetal cardiac intervention. Circulation 121:10. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.870246.
Moon-Grady, Anita, Shaine A. Morris, Michael Belfort, et al. 2015. International fetal cardiac intervention registry: A worldwide collaborative descriptive and preliminary outcomes. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 66 (4): 388–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2015.05.037.
Morray, B.H., S.K. Sathanandam, T. Forbes, et al. 2023. 3-year follow-up of a prospective, multicenter study of the Amplatzer Piccolo™ Occluder for transcatheter patent ductus arteriosus closure in children ≥ 700 grams. Journal of Perinatology 43: 1238–1244. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-023-01741-1.
Nykanan, D. 2020. Ethical considerations in the transcatheter management of congenital heart disease. In Bioethical Controversies in Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, 153–162. Springer- Verlag.
Pickard, Sarah S., John B. Wong, Emily M. Bucholz, et al. 2020. Fetal aortic valvuloplasty for evolving left heart syndrome: a decision analysis. Circulation Quality and Outcomes 13:4. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.119.006127.
Rebizant, Beata, A. Adam Koleśnik, A. Grzyb, et al. 2021. Fetal cardiac interventions – are they safe for mothers? Journal of Clinical Medicine 10 (4): 851. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm1004085I.
Rodriguez, Marco, Betul Yilmaz, Anita Moon-Grady, et al. 2019. Fetal cardiac intervention in aortic stenosis and aortic atresia with severe mitral regurgitation: a report by the International Fetal Cardiac Intervention Registry. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 73 (9 Supp 1): 586. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-1097(19)31194-5.
Roth, Rachel. 2000. “No less than ravishment”: Forcing Medical Interventions on Pregnant Women. In Making Women Pay: The Hidden Costs of Fetal Rights, ed. Rachel Roth, 102–107. Cornell University Press. https://doi.org/10.7591/9781501718656-007.
Saia F. 2021. Fetal balloon aortic valvuloplasty in utero at the University Hospital of Bologna, Policlinico St Orsola, by the pediatric interventional cardiology team led by Andrea Donti with @GEgidyAssenza and Elisabetta Mariucci. The newborn is now 1 month old, growing just fine. Twitter (now X), November 9, 2021. https://x.com/saia_francesco/status/1457787795754262531. Accessed 15 Jul 2024.
Salice, P., N. Persico, C. Casalone, S. Natoli, and F. Lombardi. 2016. Ethical Aspects of Fetal Heart Interventions. In Fetal and Hybrid Procedures in Congenital Heart Diseases, ed. G. Butera, J. Cheatham, C. Pedra, D. Schranz, and G. Tulzer. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40088-4_1.
Samples, Stefani, Rupali Gandhi, Joyce Woo, and Angira Patel. 2024. Ethical Considerations in Fetal Cardiology. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 11 (6): 172. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd11060172.
Schmitz, Dagmar, Angus Clarke, and Wybo Dondorp. 2018. The fetus as a patient: a sustainable approach for clinical interactions in the field of new prenatal medicine? In The Fetus as a Patient: A Contested Concept and its Normative Implications, ed. Dagmar Schmitz, Angus Clarke, and Wybo Dorndorp, 3–14. Routledge.
Siffel, Csaba, Tiffany Riehle-Colarusso, Matthew E. Oster, and Adolfo Correa. 2015. Survival of children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Pediatrics 136 (4): e864–e870. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-1427.
Simpson, J. M., and G. K. Sharland. 1997. Natural history and outcome of aortic stenosis diagnosed prenatally. Heart 77 (3): 205–210. https://doi.org/10.1136/hrt.77.3.205.
van der Linde, Denise, Elisabeth E. M. Konings, Maarten A. Slager, et al. 2021. Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease worldwide. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 58 (21): 2241–2247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2011.08.025.
Wiesemann, C. 2018. Which ethics for the fetus as patient? In The Fetus as a Patient: A Contested Concept and its Normative Implications, ed. Dagmar Schmitz, Angus Clarke, and Wybo Dorndorp, 29–39. Routledge.
Yilmaz, B., and S.A. Morris. 2024. Catheter-based fetal cardiac intervention. Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 11 (6): 167. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd11060167
Comments (0)