Singh N, Vayer P, Tanwar S, Poyet J-L, Tsaioun K, Villoutreix BO. Drug discovery and development: introduction to the general public and patient groups. Front Drug Discov. 2023. https://doi.org/10.3389/fddsv.2023.1201419.
Sun D, Gao W, Hu H, Zhou S. Why 90% of clinical drug development fails and how to improve it? Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B. 2022;12(7):3049–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsb.2022.02.002.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Van Norman GA. Limitations of animal studies for predicting toxicity in clinical trials: is it time to rethink our current approach? JACC Basic Transl Sci. 2019;4(7):845–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacbts.2019.10.008.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Khalaf K, Hana D, Chou JT, Singh C, Mackiewicz A, Kaczmarek M. Aspects of the tumor microenvironment involved in immune resistance and drug resistance. Front Immunol. 2021;12: 656364. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.656364.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Jensen C, Teng Y. Is it time to start transitioning from 2D to 3D cell culture? Front Mol Biosci. 2020;7:33. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2020.00033.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Subia B, Dey T, Sharma S, Kundu SC. Target specific delivery of anticancer drug in silk fibroin based 3D distribution model of bone-breast cancer cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2015;7(4):2269–79. https://doi.org/10.1021/am506094c.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Badr-Eldin SM, Aldawsari HM, Kotta S, Deb PK, Venugopala KN. Three-dimensional in vitro cell culture models for efficient drug discovery: progress so far and future prospects. Pharmaceuticals. 2022;15(8): 926. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15080926.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Barbosa MAG, Xavier CPR, Pereira RF, Petrikaitė V, Vasconcelos MH. 3D cell culture models as recapitulators of the tumor microenvironment for the screening of anti-cancer drugs. Cancers. 2021;14(1):190. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010190.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Fontana F, Marzagalli M, Sommariva M, Gagliano N, Limonta P. In vitro 3D cultures to model the tumor microenvironment. Cancers. 2021;13(12):2970. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13122970.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Patel T, Jain N. Multicellular tumor spheroids: a convenient in vitro model for translational cancer research. Life Sci. 2024;358: 123184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123184.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Wei D, Wang L, Zuo X, Maitra A, Bresalier RS. A small molecule with big impact: MRTX1133 targets the KRASG12D mutation in pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2024;30(4):655–62. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-23-2098.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Bekkali NLH, Oppong KW. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma epidemiology and risk assessment: could we prevent? Possibility for an early diagnosis. Endosc Ultrasound. 2017;6(Suppl 3):S58–61. https://doi.org/10.4103/eus.eus_60_17.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ho WJ, Jaffee EM, Zheng L. The tumour microenvironment in pancreatic cancer—clinical challenges and opportunities. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2020;17(9):527–40. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-020-0363-5.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Subia B, Dahiya UR, Mishra S, Ayache J, Casquillas GV, Caballero D, Reis RL, Kundu SC. Breast tumor-on-chip models: from disease modeling to personalized drug screening. J Control Release. 2021;331:103–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.057.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Peng J, Sun BF, Chen CY, Zhou JY, Chen YS, Chen H, Liu L, Huang D, Jiang J, Cui GS, Yang Y, Wang W, Guo D, Dai M, Guo J, Zhang T, Liao Q, Liu Y, Zhao YL, Han DL, Zhao Y, Yang Y-G, Wu W. Single-cell RNA-seq highlights intra-tumoral heterogeneity and malignant progression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Cell Res. 2019;29(9):725–38. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41422-019-0195-y.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Lazzari G, Nicolas V, Matsusaki M, Akashi M, Couvreur P, Mura S. Multicellular spheroid based on a triple co-culture: a novel 3D model to mimic pancreatic tumor complexity. Acta Biomater. 2018;78:296–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2018.08.008.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Hernández-HatibiBorau SC, Martínez-BoschNavarro NP, García-Aznar JM, Guerrero PE. Quantitative characterization of the 3D self-organization of PDAC tumor spheroids reveals cell type and matrix dependence through advanced microscopy analysis. APL Bioeng. 2025;9(1): 016116. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0242490.
Wainberg ZA, Feeney K, Lee MA, Muñoz A, Gracián AC, Lonardi S, Ryoo BY, Hung A, Lin Y, Bendell J, Hecht JR. Meta-analysis examining overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer treated with second-line 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin-based therapy after failing first-line gemcitabine-containing therapy: effect of performance status and comparison with other regimens. BMC Cancer. 2020;20(1): 633. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-020-07110-x.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Tiriac H, Belleau P, Engle DD, Plenker D, Deschênes A, Somerville TDD, Froeling FEM, Burkhart RA, Denroche RE, Jang GH, Miyabayashi K, Young CM, Patel H, Ma M, LaComb JF, Palmaira RLD, Javed AA, Huynh JC, Johnson M, Arora K, Robine N, Shah M, Sanghvi R, Goetz AB, Lowder CY, Martello L, Driehuis E, LeComte N, Askan G, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Clevers H, Wood LD, Hruban RH, Thompson E, Aguirre AJ, Wolpin BM, Sasson A, Kim J, Wu M, Bucobo JC, Allen P, Sejpal DV, Nealon W, Sullivan JD, Winter JM, Gimotty PA, Grem JL, DiMaio DJ, Buscaglia JM, Grandgenett PM, Brody JR, Hollingsworth MA, O’Kane GM, Notta F, Kim E, Crawford JM, Devoe C, Ocean A, Wolfgang CL, Yu KH, Li E, Vakoc CR, Hubert B, Fischer SE, Wilson JM, Moffitt R, Knox J, Krasnitz A, Gallinger S, Tuveson DA. Organoid profiling identifies common responders to chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Discov. 2018;8(9):1112–29. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-18-0349.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hallin J, Bowcut V, Calinisan A, Briere DM, Hargis L, Engstrom LD, Laguer J, Medwid J, Vanderpool D, Lifset E, Trinh D, Hoffman N, Wang X, David Lawson J, Gunn RJ, Smith CR, Thomas NC, Martinson M, Bergstrom A, Sullivan F, Christensen JG. Anti-tumor efficacy of a potent and selective non-covalent KRASG12D inhibitor. Nat Med. 2022;28(10):2171–82. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-02007-7.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Molnár E, Baranyi M, Szigeti K, Hegedűs L, Bordás F, Gábriel Z, Petényi G, Tóvári J, Hegedűs B, Tímár J. Combination of farnesyl-transferase inhibition with KRAS G12D targeting breaks down therapeutic resistance in pancreatic cancer. Pathol Oncol Res. 2024;30: 1611948. https://doi.org/10.3389/pore.2024.1611948.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Han SJ, Kwon S, Kim KS. Challenges of applying multicellular tumor spheroids in preclinical phase. Cancer Cell Int. 2021;21(1):152. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-021-01853-8.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Annese T, Tamma R, Ruggieri S, Ribatti D. Erythropoietin in tumor angiogenesis. Exp Cell Res. 2019;374(2):266–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.12.013.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Lencioni G, Gregori A, Toledo B, Rebelo R, Immordino B, Amrutkar M, Xavier CPR, Kocijančič A, Pandey DP, Perán M, Castaño JP, Walsh N, Giovannetti E. Unravelling the complexities of resistance mechanism in pancreatic cancer: insights from in vitro and ex-vivo model systems. Semin Cancer Biol. 2024;106:217–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2024.09.002.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Annese T, Tamma R, Ruggieri S, Ribatti D. Angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer: pre-clinical and clinical studies. Cancers. 2019;11(3):381. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11030381.
Comments (0)