For primary and secondary hepatobiliary malignancies, surgical resection remains the treatment of choice in liver-only or liver-dominant disease. Yet, many patients may not be candidates for liver resection or experience higher rates of postoperative complications including liver failure, based on the volume of normal liver remaining after resection. Furthermore, depending on the distribution and extent of intrahepatic tumor, patients may require extended liver resections to achieve a disease-free, curative-intent surgery. Finally, preoperative chemotherapy in the setting of metastatic liver disease can also reduce the overall quality of normal liver, necessitating higher remaining volumes of liver to provide adequate liver function following surgery. As such, tools for preoperative liver augmentation remain essential in the armamentarium of surgical cancer treatment. Portal vein embolization (PVE), first introduced in 1980s in Japan for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma1,2 has since become the gold standard in the toolkit for preoperative liver augmentation.