Retained products of conception (RPOC) are a common and complex complication following childbirth or miscarriage, affecting 1-3% of pregnancies [1]. When infection is present in cases of RPOC, the risk of severe maternal morbidity increases significantly, including heightened chances of postpartum hemorrhage, sepsis, intrauterine adhesions, future fertility impairment, and the need for blood transfusions. Prompt and effective management is essential to prevent life-threatening outcomes and long-term sequelae such as intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) [1, 2, 3, 4, 5].

Historically, dilation and curettage (D&C) has been the standard treatment for RPOC. However, D&C is associated with significant risks, including uterine perforation, infection, and the formation of IUAs [3,5,6]. The need for safer, less invasive management strategies has driven the adoption of alternative approaches that prioritize patient safety without compromising efficacy.

Medical management followed by elective hysteroscopy offers a comprehensive approach for treating infected RPOC. This combined method begins with antibiotic therapy to address the infectious and inflammatory process, ensuring stabilization before proceeding to hysteroscopy.

This study evaluates the clinical outcomes of medical management for infected RPOC, focusing on outcomes such as infection resolution, rates of surgical intervention, and overall complication rates. By emphasizing infection control and minimizing surgical risks, this conservative approach demonstrates its potential as a primary treatment strategy for infected RPOC