pneumonia in patients with CNS tumors receiving dexamethasone: clinical outcomes and prophylaxis gaps

Catherinot E, Lanternier F, Bougnoux ME, Lecuit M, Couderc LJ, Lortholary O (2010) Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia. Infect Dis Clin North Am Mar 24(1):107–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idc.2009.10.010

Article  Google Scholar 

Roux A, Canet E, Valade S et al (2014) Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with or without AIDS, France. Emerg Infect Dis Sep 20(9):1490–1497. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid2009.131668

Article  Google Scholar 

Pulsipher AM, Vikram HR, Gotway MB et al (2025) An Observational Analysis of a Large Cohort of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia. Open Forum Infect Dis. https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf390

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yale SH, Limper AH (1996) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: associated illness and prior corticosteroid therapy. Mayo Clin Proc. 71(1):5–13. https://doi.org/10.4065/71.1.5.

Green H, Paul M, Vidal L, Leibovici L (2007) Sep. Prophylaxis of pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised non-hiv-infected patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Mayo Clin Proc. 82(9):1052-9. https://doi.org/10.4065/82.9.1052.

Taplitz RA, Kennedy EB, Bow EJ et al (2018) Antimicrobial Prophylaxis for Adult Patients With Cancer-Related Immunosuppression: ASCO and IDSA Clinical Practice Guideline Update. J Clin Oncol Oct 20(30):3043–3054. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.18.00374

Article  Google Scholar 

Lecuyer R, Issa N, Camou F et al (2024) Characteristics and Prognosis Factors of Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia According to Underlying Disease: A Retrospective Multicenter Study. Chest Jun 165(6):1319–1329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2024.01.015

Article  Google Scholar 

Miyake K, Senoo S, Shiiba R et al (2024) Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia mortality risk associated with preceding long-term steroid use for the underlying disease: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study. PLoS ONE 19(2):e0292507. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292507

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ryken TC, Kuo JS, Prabhu RS, Sherman JH, Kalkanis SN, Olson JJ (2019) Congress of Neurological Surgeons Systematic Review and Evidence-Based Guidelines on the Role of Steroids in the Treatment of Adults With Metastatic Brain Tumors. Neurosurg Mar 1(3):E189–E191. https://doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyy546

Article  Google Scholar 

(NICE) NIfHaCE. Spinal metastases and metastatic spinal cord compression. NICE guideline NG234. 2023. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng234. Accessed 4 Feb 2026.

Stern A, Green H, Paul M, Vidal L, Leibovici L (2014) Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in non-HIV immunocompromised patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev Oct 1(10):CD005590. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005590.pub3

Article  Google Scholar 

Limper AH, Knox KS, Sarosi GA et al (2011) An official American Thoracic Society statement: Treatment of fungal infections in adult pulmonary and critical care patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med Jan 1(1):96–128. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.2008-740ST

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Skorupan N, Ranjan S, Mehta S et al (2019) Pneumocystis jirovecii prophylaxis in patients treated for high-grade gliomas: a survey among neuro-oncologists. Neurooncol Pract Jul 6(4):321–326. https://doi.org/10.1093/nop/npy049

Article  Google Scholar 

Henson JW, Jalaj JK, Walker RW, Stover DE, Fels AO (1991) Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in patients with primary brain tumors. Arch Neurol Apr 48(4):406–409. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneur.1991.00530160074017

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Schiff D (1996) Pneumocystis pneumonia in brain tumor patients: risk factors and clinical features. J Neurooncol Mar 27(3):235–240. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00165480

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Donnelly JP, Chen SC, Kauffman CA et al (2020) Revision and update of the consensus definitions of invasive fungal disease from the european organization for research and treatment of cancer and the mycoses study group education and research consortium. Clin Infect Dis Sep 12(6):1367–1376. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz1008

Article  Google Scholar 

Arcenas RC, Uhl JR, Buckwalter SP et al (2006) A real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of Pneumocystis from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis Mar 54(3):169–175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2005.08.006

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wilson JW, Limper AH, Grys TE, Karre T, Wengenack NL, Binnicker MJ (2011) Pneumocystis jirovecii testing by real-time polymerase chain reaction and direct examination among immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patient groups and correlation to disease specificity. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis Feb 69(2):145–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.10.021

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG (2009) Research electronic data capture (REDCap)--a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inf Apr 42(2):377–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2008.08.010

Article  Google Scholar 

Fishman JA, Gans H, Practice ASTIDC (2019) Pneumocystis jiroveci in solid organ transplantation: Guidelines from the American Society of Transplantation Infectious Diseases Community of Practice. Clin Transpl Sep 33(9):e13587. https://doi.org/10.1111/ctr.13587

Article  Google Scholar 

Iriart X, Bouar ML, Kamar N, Berry A (2015) Pneumocystis Pneumonia in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients. J Fungi (Basel) Sep 28(3):293–331. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof1030293

Article  Google Scholar 

Maertens J, Cesaro S, Maschmeyer G et al (2016) ECIL guidelines for preventing Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with haematological malignancies and stem cell transplant recipients. J Antimicrob Chemother Sep 71(9):2397–2404. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkw157

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Prosty C, Katergi K, Sorin M et al (2024) Comparative efficacy and safety of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis regimens for people living with HIV: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Microbiol Infect Jul 30(7):866–876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2024.03.037

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kostaras X, Cusano F, Kline GA, Roa W, Easaw J (2014) Use of dexamethasone in patients with high-grade glioma: a clinical practice guideline. Curr Oncol Jun 21(3):e493–503. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.21.1769

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ryken TC, McDermott M, Robinson PD et al (2010) The role of steroids in the management of brain metastases: a systematic review and evidence-based clinical practice guideline. J Neurooncol Jan 96(1):103–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-009-0057-4

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Liu D, Ahmet A, Ward L et al (2013) A practical guide to the monitoring and management of the complications of systemic corticosteroid therapy. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol Aug 15(1):30. https://doi.org/10.1186/1710-1492-9-30

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Administration USFaD. Temodar (temozolomide) prescribing information: Sect. 5.3 Pneumocystis pneumonia. US Natl Library Med. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=819571ea-b808-4fd8-93c7-1ea2e33d71cf. Accessed 7 Feb 2026.

Lemiale V, Resche-Rigon M, Zerbib Y et al (2025) Adjunctive corticosteroids in non-AIDS patients with severe Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PIC): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med Jul 10. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-26002500125-0.

Pulsipher AM, Vikram HR, Gotway MB et al (2025) Adjunctive corticosteroid use and clinical outcomes in non-hiv pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia. Chest Nov 6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2025.10.036.

Comments (0)

No login
gif