Synchronous cancers are defined as two or more histologically distinct primary malignancies are diagnosed within six months of each other, provided the possibility of metastasis or recurrence has been excluded. The simultaneous occurrence of cervical and breast cancer is a very rare clinical event. We report a detailed clinical presentation and successful management of a patient diagnosed with synchronous cervical and breast cancer.

A 41-year-old woman presented with a primary complaint of vaginal bleeding for the past seven months. CClinical examination and PET-CT, revealed a bulky lesion in the cervix along with another small FDG-avid lesion in the left breast. After thorough clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical evaluation, the diagnosis of synchronous cervix cancer (FIGO IIIC1) and breast cancer (cT1cN0M0) was made. Locally advanced cancer of the cervix was treated first. The patient received definitive chemoradiotherapy followed by an interstitial brachytherapy boost. Subsequently, she underwent a left modified radical mastectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy.

To establish the diagnosis of synchronous cancers, immunohistochemistry plays a crucial role in distinguishing between primary cancers and metastasis. A multidisciplinary approach, incorporating proper sequencing of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy should be adopted on a case-by-case basis for best oncological outcomes.