Abbott DHTA, Dumesic DA (2009) Fetal, infant, adolescent and adult phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome in prenatally androgenized female rhesus monkeys. Am J Primatol 71:776–784
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Adhikari D, Liu K (2009) Molecular mechanisms underlying activation of mammalian primordial follicles. Endocr Rev 30(5):438–464
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ahmed AI, Dowidar MF, Negm AF, Abdellatif H, Alanazi A, Alassiri M et al (2024) Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells expressing Neat-1, Hotair-1, miR-21, miR-644, and miR-144 subsided cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian insufficiency by remodeling the IGF-1-kisspeptin system, ovarian apoptosis, and angiogenesis. J Ovarian Res. ;17(1):184. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13048-024-01498-x. Erratum in: J Ovarian Res. 2024;17(1):239. doi: 10.1186/s13048-024-01564-4. PMID: 39267091; PMCID: PMC11396253
Almahbobi G, Anderiesz C, Hutchinson P, McFarlane JR, Wood C, Trounson AO (1996) Functional integrity of granulosa cells from polycystic ovaries. Clin Endocrinol 44:5
Anderson E, Lee GY (1997) The polycystic ovarian condition: apoptosis and epithelialization of follicles in the DHEA-treated rat model. Tissue Cell 29(2):171–189
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Baley J, Li J (2012) MicroRNAs and ovarian function. J Ovarian Res 5:8
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Bartel DP, Otsuka M, Lin F, McAllister JM (2004) Foundational studies on microRNA biogenesis and ovarian function. Cell 116(2):281–297
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Bartolucci A, Uliasz TF, Peluso JJ (2020) MicroRNA-21 as a regulator of human cumulus cell viability and its potential influence on the developmental potential of the oocyte. Biol Reprod 103(1):94–103. https://doi.org/10.1093/BIOLRE/IOAA058
Blank SK, McCartney CR, Marshall JC (2006) The origins and sequelae of abnormal neuroendocrine function in PCOS. Hum Reprod Update 12(4):351–361
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Bosch E, Alviggi C, Lispi M, Conforti A, Hanyaloglu AC, Chuderland D et al (2021) Reduced FSH and LH action: implications for medically assisted reproduction. Hum Reprod 36(6):1469–1480
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Byers SL, Wiles MV, Dunn SL, Taft RA (2012) Mouse estrous cycle identification using vaginal cytology. PLoS ONE 7(4):e35538
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Carletti MZ, Christenson LK (2010) MicroRNA-21 prevents apoptosis in granulosa cells. Endocrinology 151(3):1331–1341
Carletti MZ, Fiedler SD, Christenson LK (2010) MicroRNA 21 blocks apoptosis in mouse periovulatory granulosa cells. Biol Reprod 83(2):286–295. https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod.109.081448Epub 2010 Mar 31. PMID: 20357270; PMCID: PMC2907287
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Cheng Y, Kim J, Li XX, Hsueh AJW (2015) Promotion of ovarian follicle growth following mTOR activation: synergistic effects of AKT stimulators. PLoS ONE 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0117769
Coffler MS, Patel KS, Dahan MH, Malcom PJ, Kawashima T, Deutsch R, Chang RJ (2003) Evidence for abnormal granulosa cell responsiveness to follicle stimulating hormone in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 88:1742–1747
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ding S, Wang P (2025) The Life of MicroRNAs: biogenesis, function and decay in cancer. Biomolecules 15(10):1393. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom15101393PMID: 41154621; PMCID: PMC12562231
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Dou P, Zhang TT, Xu Y, Xue Q, Zhang Y, Shang J, Yang XL (2024) A randomized trial of the efficacy of three weight loss diet interventions in overweight/obese with polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 24(14):1686–1697
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Franks S, Gilling-Smith C, Watson H, Willis D (1999) Insulin action in the normal and polycystic ovary. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 28(2):361–378
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Franks S, McCarthy MI, Hardy K (2006) Development of polycystic ovary syndrome: involvement of genetic and environmental factors. Int J Androl 29(1):278–285
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Franks S, Webber LJ, Stark J, Hardy K (2009) Theca-cell androgen excess and steroidogenic dysregulation in PCOS. Endocr Rev 30(2):193–208
Garcia-Martinez JM, Alessi DR (2008) mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) controls hydrophobic motif phosphorylation and activation of serum- and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase 1 (SGK1). Biochem J 416(3):375–385
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Guo R, Zheng H, Li Q, Qiu X, Zhang J, Cheng Z (2022) Melatonin alleviates insulin resistance through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in ovary granulosa cells of polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Biol 22(1):100594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100594Epub 2021 Dec 22. PMID: 34953312
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
He Y, Peng X, Wu T, Yang W, Liu W, Zhang J, Su Y, Kong F, Dou X, Li J (2017) Restricting the induction of NGF in ovarian stroma engenders selective follicular activation through the mTOR signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 8:2817
Huffman AM, Rezq S, Basnet J, Yanes Cardozo LL, Romero DG (2022) MicroRNA-21 Genetic Ablation Exacerbates Insulin Signaling Dysregulation in Hyperandrogenemic Female Mice. FASEB J 36. https://doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r4063
Imbar T, Eisenberg I (2014) Regulatory role of microRNAs in ovarian function. Fertil Steril 101:1524–1530
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Jarrett BY, Vanden Brink H, Oldfield AL, Lujan ME (2020) Ultrasound characterization of disordered antral follicle development in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 105(11):e3847–e3861. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa515PMID: 32785651; PMCID: PMC7473602
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Jiang L-Y, Li W, Wu M-M, Cao S-F (2015) Ciculating miRNA-21 as a Biomarker predicts polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in patients. Clin Lab 61(8):1009–1015. https://doi.org/10.7754/CLIN.LAB.2015.150122)
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Joham AE, Tay CT, Laven J, Louwers YV, Azziz R (2025) Approach to the patient: diagnostic challenges in the workup for polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 110(7):e2298–e2308. https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgae910PMID: 39836632; PMCID: PMC12187463
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kafali H, Iriadam M, Ozardali I, Demir N (2004) Letrozole-induced polycystic ovaries in the rat: a new model for cystic ovarian disease. Arch Med Res 35(2):103–108
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Kerr JB, Myers M, Anderson RA (2013) The dynamics of the primordial follicle reserve. Reproduction 146:205–215
Khodarahmi P (2023) Evaluation of the potential of miR-21 as a diagnostic marker for oocyte maturity and embryo quality in women undergoing ICSI. Dent Sci Rep 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28686-x
Laplante M, Sabatini DM (2012) mTOR signaling in growth control and disease. Cell 149(2):274–293
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Lentini G, Querqui A, Monti N, Bizzarri M (2025) PCOS and inositols–advances and lessons we are learning. A narrative review. Drug Des Devel Ther 19:4183–4199
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Li D, Li C, Xu Y, Xu D, Li H, Gao L et al (2016) Differential expression of microRNAs in the ovaries from letrozole-induced rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome. DNA Cell Biol 35(4):177–183 Epub 2016 Jan 8. PMID: 26745201
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Liu Z, Rudd MD, Hernandez-Gonz
Comments (0)