Background Conventionally, infertility has been regarded as primarily a female issue, leading to misconceptions, stigma, and underrepresentation of male infertility in healthcare discussions. This study assessed the knowledge, attitude and perception of Undergraduates towards male infertility in Osun State University.

Methods A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed to select 300 undergraduates via multistage sampling. Qualitative data were collected using a focus group discussion guide covering the knowledge, attitude and perception, while quantitative data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and perception towards male infertility. Qualitative analysis was performed using NVivo software, while IBM SPSS Statistics version 27 was used for the quantitative analysis, with thematic analysis and chi-square tests to determine the association between variables (significance at p < 0.05).

Results Respondents were predominantly females (64.0%) with a mean age of 20.99 ± 2.31 years. Overall knowledge was low (47.7%), while more than half had a negative attitude (52.3%). Significant predictors of attitude include faculty (0.049), level (p=0.031), and formal education on male infertility (p=0.007).

Conclusion Students demonstrated a poor understanding of male infertility, and their attitudes remain influenced by cultural norms surrounding marriage, masculinity, and gender roles. Hence, the need to foster open dialogues, promote gender-inclusive narratives, and strengthen healthcare support systems.

The authors have declared no competing interest.

The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.

I confirm all relevant ethical guidelines have been followed, and any necessary IRB and/or ethics committee approvals have been obtained.

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The details of the IRB/oversight body that provided approval or exemption for the research described are given below:

Ethical approval was obtained from Osun State University (UNIOSUN) Research Ethics Committee (UTH/REC/2025/1285).

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