Wait-and-Watch Strategy Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer: a Prospective Cohort Study from an Indian Tertiary Care Center

Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL et al (2021) Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide. CA Cancer J Clin 71(3):209–249

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bray F, Jemal A, Grey N et al (2012) Global cancer transitions according to the Human Development Index. Lancet Oncol 13(8):790–801

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Noronha V, Ramaswamy A, Patil VM et al (2016) Epidemiology of colorectal cancer in India: a retrospective multicenter analysis. Indian J Cancer 53(4):480–485

Google Scholar 

Bhandari A, Wood J, Hocking M et al (2021) Rising incidence of colorectal cancer in young adults: A global trend. Gut 70(12):2267–2279

Google Scholar 

Sauer R, Becker H, Hohenberger W et al (2004) Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 351(17):1731–1740

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sebag-Montefiore D, Stephens RJ, Steele R et al (2009) Preoperative radiotherapy versus selective postoperative chemoradiotherapy. Lancet 373(9666):811–820

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lange MM, Marijnen CA, Maas CP et al (2009) Risk factors for sexual dysfunction after rectal cancer treatment. Eur J Cancer 45(9):1578–1588

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bryant CL, Lunniss PJ, Knowles CH et al (2012) Anterior resection syndrome. Lancet Oncol 13(9):e403–e408

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hupkens BJP, Martens MH, Stoot JHMB et al (2017) Quality of life in rectal cancer patients after chemoradiotherapy: Watch-and-wait vs resection. Br J Surg 104(7):927–934

Google Scholar 

Habr-Gama A, Perez RO, Nadalin W et al (2004) Operative vs nonoperative treatment for stage 0 distal rectal cancer. Ann Surg 240(4):711–717

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Maas M, Beets-Tan RG, Lambregts DM et al (2011) Wait-and-see policy for clinical complete responders. J Clin Oncol 29(35):4633–4640

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Renehan AG, Malcomson L, Emsley R et al (2019) Watch-and-wait approach: Has there been a failure to learn? J Clin Oncol 37(40):3603–3604

Google Scholar 

Dattani M, Heald RJ, Goussous G et al (2018) Oncological outcomes in watch-and-wait patients. J Clin Oncol 36(33):3379–3387

Google Scholar 

Smith JD, Chow OS, Eaton A et al (2014) MRI and pathological complete response. Ann Surg 259(3):516–522

Google Scholar 

Habr-Gama A, Proscurshim I, Sabbaga J et al (2006) Clinical and endoscopic follow-up of complete responders. Dis Colon Rectum 49(9):1332–1342

Google Scholar 

Perez RO, São Julião GP, Habr-Gama A et al (2015) Transanal endoscopic microsurgery after chemoradiotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 22(6):1935–1942

Google Scholar 

Patel UB, Taylor F, Blomqvist L et al (2012) How to report tumor response on MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol 199(4):W486–W495

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dossa F, Chesney TR, Acuna SA, Baxter NN (2017) Watch-and-wait after clinical complete response: meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2(7):501–513

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Martens MH, Maas M, Heijnen LA et al (2016) Long-term outcome of watch-and-wait strategy. J Natl Cancer Inst 108(12):djw171

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Garcia-Aguilar J, Patil S, Gollub MJ et al (2022) Organ preservation in rectal cancer: The OPRA trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 7(2):123–132

Google Scholar 

Chatterjee S, Singh A, Ghoshal UC et al (2020) Challenges of cancer care in India. JCO Glob Oncol 6:982–984

Google Scholar 

Gangadharan A, Mahadevan P, Raja A (2019) Colorectal cancer in India: an overview. Indian J Cancer 56(1):23–29

Google Scholar 

Sebag-Montefiore D, Stephens RJ, Steele R et al (2009) Preoperative radiotherapy versus selective postoperative chemoradiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer (MRC CR07 and NCIC-CTG C016): a multicentre, randomised trial. Lancet 373(9666):811–820

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ngan SY, Burmeister B, Fisher RJ et al (2012) Randomized trial of preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer: Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group Trial 01.04. J Clin Oncol 30(4):405–412

Google Scholar 

Hofheinz RD, Wenz F, Post S et al (2012) Chemoradiotherapy with capecitabine versus fluorouracil for locally advanced rectal cancer: a randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol 13(6):579–588

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Andre T, Boni C, Navarro M et al (2004) Improved overall survival with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as adjuvant treatment for colon cancer in the MOSAIC trial. J Clin Oncol 22(23):4848–4857

Google Scholar 

van der Paardt MP, Zagers MB, Beets-Tan RG et al (2013) MR Imaging in assessing response to neoadjuvant treatment in rectal cancer: a systematic review. Radiology 270(2):422–434

Google Scholar 

Kaplan EL, Meier P (1958) Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc 53(282):457–481

Article  Google Scholar 

Garcia-Aguilar J et al (2022) Organ preservation in rectal Adenocarcinoma: The OPRA trial. J Clin Oncol 40(31):3651–3660

Google Scholar 

Habr-Gama A et al (2006) Complete clinical response after neoadjuvant chemoradiation for distal rectal cancer: Long-term results. Dis Colon Rectum 49(7):819–825

Google Scholar 

Dattani M et al (2018) Oncological outcomes following ‘watch and wait’ for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Br J Surg 105(6):580–588

Google Scholar 

Radhakrishna S et al (2020) Non-operative management after complete clinical response in rectal cancer: Initial results from an Indian experience. Indian J Cancer 57(2):217–224

Google Scholar 

Gupta S et al (2021) Outcomes of nonoperative management after clinical complete response in rectal cancer: A single-institutional Indian experience. Indian J Surg Oncol 12(1):62–67

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

van der Valk MJM et al (2018) Long-term outcomes of clinical complete responders after neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer in the International Watch & Wait Database (IWWD): An international multicentre registry study. Lancet 391(10139):2537–2545

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dossa F et al (2017) A watch-and-wait approach for rectal cancer after a clinical complete response following neoadjuvant therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2(7):501–513

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nash GM et al (2010) Significance of histologic subtype in locally advanced rectal cancer: Response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation and outcomes. Ann Surg Oncol 17(6):1662–1668

Google Scholar 

Verma R et al (2021) Prognostic value of histologic subtype in locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant therapy: An Indian experience. Indian J Gastroenterol 40(4):331–338

Google Scholar 

Gupta R et al (2020) Histopathological response evaluation and prognostic factors after neoadjuvant therapy in rectal cancer. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 63(1):68–73

Google Scholar 

Shin US et al (2020) Outcomes of mucinous adenocarcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma of the rectum after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. J Gastrointest Oncol 11(4):828–836

Google Scholar 

Jacob V et al (2023) Watch-and-wait approach in complete clinical responders: Lessons from a single-centre Indian cohort. South Asian J Cancer 12(1):24–30

Google Scholar 

Jena A et al (2023) Challenges and outcomes in implementing Watch and Wait strategy for rectal cancer in resource-constrained settings. Indian J Surg Oncol 14(2):238–244

Google Scholar 

Smith JJ et al (2020) Watch-and-wait after neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: A comparative analysis with resected patients. Ann Surg 271(5):820–828

Google Scholar 

Habr-Gama A et al (2013) Transanal endoscopic microsurgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: Lessons learned. Dis Colon Rectum 56(1):6–14

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Renehan AG et al (2021) Organ preservation and oncological outcomes following watch-and-wait in rectal cancer: The Manchester Experience. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 6(7):526–534

Google Scholar 

Habr-Gama A et al (2010) Management of the complete clinical response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for distal rectal cancer. Semin Colon Rectal Surg 21(4):247–253

Google Scholar 

Appelt AL et al (2015) High-dose chemoradiotherapy and watchful waiting for distal rectal cancer: a prospective observational study. Lancet Oncol 16(8):919–927

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gerard JP et al (2006) Preoperative radiotherapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy for rectal cancer: Five-year results of the FFCD 9203 randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 24(28):4620–4625

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Engineer R et al (2022) Total neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: Experience from Tata Memorial Centre. Indian J Cancer 59(3):416–423

Google Scholar 

Kumar A et al (2023) Practical challenges of delivering organ preservation strategy for rectal cancer in India. Indian J Gastroenterol 42(1):38–44

Comments (0)

No login
gif