This study aimed to examine the relationship between continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics during gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)-affected pregnancy and postpartum cardiometabolic measures in a pilot study.

We enrolled participants >6 months postpartum from a previous GDM trial where they wore a CGM during the third trimester. At the postpartum visit, we assessed hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and blood pressure (BP). We used linear regression models adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI) at the time of CGM wear to test for a relationship between pregnancy CGM metrics (mean glucose, coefficient of variation, time in pregnancy range 63–140 mg/dL [pTIR], time >120 and >140 mg/dL) and postpartum outcomes (HbA1c and BP).

Of 14 eligible participants with pregnancy CGM data, 11 (79%) returned at a mean of 20.3 months postpartum (range 11–33). Age and BMI during pregnancy CGM wear were 36.0 (2.7) years and 28.7 (5.5) kg/m2; gestational age was 32.0 (2.0) weeks. Higher pTIR was associated with lower postpartum HbA1c (n = 8, β = −0.06, p = 0.007). Other CGM metrics were not associated with HbA1c. There were no associations between CGM metrics and BP.

Third-trimester CGM pTIR should be tested as a predictor of postpartum glycemia in a larger study.

The findings of this project were presented at the Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group (DPSG-NA) Meeting in November 2025.

Received: 12 March 2026

Accepted: 18 March 2026

Article published online:
30 March 2026

© 2026. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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