Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, Bray F. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2021;71:209–249. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21660.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Yashima K, Shabana M, Kurumi H, Kawaguchi K, Isomoto H. Gastric cancer screening in Japan: a narrative review. J Clin Med. 2022;11:4337. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11154337.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
IARC Working Group. Schistosomes, liver flukes and Helicobacter pylori. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum. 1994;61:1–241.
Kamada T, Haruma K, Ito M, Inoue K, Manabe N, Matsumoto H, Kusunoki H, Hata J, Yoshihara M, Sumii K, Akiyama T, Tanaka S, Shiotani A, Graham DY. Time trends in Helicobacter pylori infection and atrophic gastritis over 40 years in Japan. Helicobacter. 2015;20:192–198. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.12193.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Sugano K. Effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the incidence of gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastric Cancer. 2019;22:435–445. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10120-018-0876-0.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Mori G, Nakajima T, Asada K, Shimazu T, Yamamichi N, Maekita T, Yokoi C, Fujishiro M, Gotoda T, Ichinose M, Ushijima T, Oda I. Incidence of and risk factors for metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection and successful Helicobacter pylori eradication: results of a large-scale multicenter cohort study in Japan. Gastric Cancer. 2016;19:911–918. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10120-015-0544-6.
Maehata Y, Nakamura S, Fujisawa K, Esaki M, Moriyama T, Asano K, Fuyuno Y, Yamaguchi K, Egashira I, Kim H, Kanda M, Hirahashi M, Matsumoto T. Long-term effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on the development of metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer. Gastrointest Endosc. 2012;75:39–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2011.08.030.
Japanese Gastric Cancer Association. Japanese gastric cancer treatment guidelines 2021 (6th edition). Gastric Cancer. 2023;26:1–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10120-022-01331-8.
Yang HJ, Kim SG, Lim JH, Choi JM, Oh S, Park JY, Han SJ, Kim J, Chung H, Jung HC. Novel risk stratification for metachronous recurrence after curative endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer. Gastrointest Endosc. 2018;87:419-428.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2017.07.005.
Sugimoto T, Yamaji Y, Sakitani K, Isomura Y, Yoshida S, Yamada A, Hirata Y, Ogura K, Okamoto M, Koike K. Neutrophil infiltration and the distribution of intestinal metaplasia is associated with metachronous gastric cancer following endoscopic submucosal dissection. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;29:321–325. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/950734.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Matsuo T, Ito M, Takata S, Tanaka S, Yoshihara M, Chayama K. Low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric cancer among Japanese. Helicobacter. 2011;16:415–419. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-5378.2011.00889.x.
Nishizawa T, Yoshida S, Toyoshima A, Matsuno T, Sakitani K, Kato J, Ebinuma H, Fujishiro M, Suzuki H, Toyoshima O. Increasing trend of Helicobacter pylori-uninfected gastric cancer without gastric atrophy. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2022;71:245–248. https://doi.org/10.3164/jcbn.22-56.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kato S, Matsukura N, Tsukada K, Matsuda N, Mizoshita T, Tsukamoto T, Tatematsu M, Sugisaki Y, Naito Z, Tajiri T. Helicobacter pylori infection-negative gastric cancer in Japanese hospital patients: incidence and pathological characteristics. Cancer Sci. 2007;98:790–794. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1349-7006.2007.00478.x.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Lee S, Cho SJ, Chung H, Kim B, Oh MJ, Na YS, Lee JH, Kim J, Kim SG. Risk assessment of metachronous gastric neoplasm after endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer according to age at Helicobacter pylori eradication. Gut Liver. 2024;18:992–1001. https://doi.org/10.5009/gnl230383.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Yagi K, Aruga Y, Nakamura A, Sekine A. Regular arrangement of collecting venules (RAC): a characteristic endoscopic feature of Helicobacter pylori-negative normal stomach and its relationship with esophago-gastric adenocarcinoma. J Gastroenterol. 2005;40:443–452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-005-1605-0.
Quach DT, Hiyama T. Assessment of endoscopic gastric atrophy according to the Kimura-Takemoto classification and its potential application in daily practice. Clin Endosc. 2019;52:321–327. https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2019.072.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Abe S, Oda I, Suzuki H, Nonaka S, Yoshinaga S, Nakajima T, Sekiguchi M, Mori G, Taniguchi H, Sekine S, Katai H, Saito Y. Long-term surveillance and treatment outcomes of metachronous gastric cancer occurring after curative endoscopic submucosal dissection. Endoscopy. 2015;47:1113–1118. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1392484.
Abe S, Oda I, Minagawa T, Sekiguchi M, Nonaka S, Suzuki H, Yoshinaga S, Bhatt A, Saito Y. Metachronous gastric cancer following curative endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer. Clin Endosc. 2018;51:253–259. https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2017.104.
Kato M, Nishida T, Yamamoto K, Hayashi S, Kitamura S, Yabuta T, Yoshio T, Nakamura T, Komori M, Kawai N, Nishihara A, Nakanishi F, Nakahara M, Ogiyama H, Kinoshita K, Yamada T, Iijima H, Tsujii M, Takehara T. Scheduled endoscopic surveillance controls secondary cancer after curative endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer: a multicentre retrospective cohort study. Gut. 2013;62:1425–1432. https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301647.
Nasu J, Doi T, Endo H, Nishina T, Hirasaki S, Hyodo I. Characteristics of metachronous multiple early gastric cancers after endoscopic mucosal resection. Endoscopy. 2005;37:990–993. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-870198.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ishioka M, Yoshio T, Miyamoto Y, Namikawa K, Tokai Y, Yoshimizu S, Horiuchi Y, Ishiyama A, Hirasawa T, Tsuchida T, Fujisaki J. Incidence of metachronous cancer after endoscopic submucosal dissection: a comparison between undifferentiated-type and differentiated-type early gastric cancer. Gastrointest Endosc. 2021;93:557-564.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gie.2020.06.067.
Correa P. Helicobacter pylori and gastric carcinogenesis. Am J Surg Pathol. 1995;19:S37–S43.
Nakajima T, Maekita T, Oda I, Gotoda T, Yamamoto S, Umemura S, Ichinose M, Sugimura T, Ushijima T, Saito D. Higher methylation levels in gastric mucosae significantly correlate with higher risk of gastric cancers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006;15:2317–2321. https://doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-0436.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Maekita T, Nakazawa K, Mihara M, Nakajima T, Yanaoka K, Iguchi M, Arii K, Kaneda A, Tsukamoto T, Tatematsu M, Tamura G, Saito D, Sugimura T, Ichinose M, Ushijima T. High levels of aberrant DNA methylation in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric mucosae and its possible association with gastric cancer risk. Clin Cancer Res. 2006;12:989–995. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2096.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Imamura K, Yao K, Nimura S, Kanemitsu T, Miyaoka M, Ono Y, Ueki T, Tanabe H. Clinicopathological and endoscopic features of Helicobacter pylori infection-negative gastric cancer in Japan: a retrospective study. Clin Endosc. 2024;57:486–494. https://doi.org/10.5946/ce.2023.258.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kotani S, Shibagaki K, Hirahara N, Hasegawa N, Tanabe R, Ebisutani Y, Nonomura S, Kishimoto K, Kodama Y, Takahashi Y, Kataoka M, Oka A, Fukuba N, Mishima Y, Oshima N, Kawashima K, Ishimura N, Araki A, Kadota K, Itawaki A, Nagasaki M, Miyaoka Y, Onuma H, Ishihara S. Clinicopathologic differences of gastric neoplasms between Helicobacter pylori-infected and -naïve patients: a multicenter retrospective analysis. J Gastroenterol. 2024;59:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-023-02050-2.
Uemura N, Okamoto S, Yamamoto S, Matsumura N, Yamaguchi S, Yamakido M, Taniyama K, Sasaki N, Schlemper RJ. Helicobacter pylori infection and the development of gastric cancer. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:784–789. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa001999.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Waldum H, Mjønes P. The central role of gastrin in gastric cancer. Front Oncol. 2023;13:1176673. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2023.1176673.
Comments (0)