Correction to: Information Systems Frontiers

In this article the legend for Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 itself are incorrect, and should have been the following:

Figure 2: Schematic illustration of NLRP3 inflammasome activation by MSU crystals. Signal 1, the “priming” step, MSU crystals activate Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2/4 which activate the transcription factor NF-κB through signaling molecules such as MyD88 and IRAK1/4. This step leads to production of “priming” proteins, including pro-IL-1β, pro-IL18, and NLRP3, which is now prepared for subsequent activation. In signal 2, phagocytosed MSU crystals activate NLRP3 inflammasome through several mechanisms including: disruption of lysosomes and release of cathepsin B; perturbation of the intracellular ionic balance of Na+, K+ and Ca2+ concentrations causing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation on the mitochondria. Activated NLRP3 promotes the conversion of IL-1β, and IL-18 which further promotes inflammation, as well as release of gasdermin D leading to pyroptotic death.