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Synovial Cyst Presenting in the Hypoglossal Canal Causing CNXII Palsy: Report of an Illustrative Case with a Review of Natural Anatomy

This study reports a 55-year-old patient admitted to our outpatient clinic with unilateral tongue atrophy. He had undergone various workups without any result for diagnosis prior to presenting to our clinic.

hypoglossal canal - hypoglossal nerve - synovial cyst

This case report is published with anonymized data.

Given the minimal risk of identification associated with the information provided in the illustrative case, institutional review board approval for patient consent was waived.

Portions of the background content in this manuscript overlap conceptually with content authored by the same group in a separate publication on a systematic review of hypoglossal canal cysts. However, the current work presents original findings (a single case and detailed anatomical review) not included in the other manuscript. There is no duplication of patient data, figures, or primary results. It is important to note that this type of lesion is extremely rare, and the published data on the topic are very limited. As such, some background and descriptive overlap is unavoidable and necessary to provide appropriate context.

© 2026. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SURGERY PART A-CENTRAL EUROPEAN NEUROSURGERY
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