To KB, Kamdar NS, Patil P et al (2019) Acute care surgery model and outcomes in emergency general surgery. J Am Coll Surg 228:21-28.e7
Ingraham AM, Cohen ME, Raval MV et al (2011) Comparison of hospital performance in emergency versus elective general surgery operations at 198 hospitals. J Am Coll Surg 212:20-28.e1
Guiding principles for the care of older adults with multimorbidity: an approach for clinicians, (2012) Guiding principles for the care of older adults with multimorbidity: an approach for clinicians: American geriatrics society expert panel on the care of older adults with multimorbidity. J Am Geriatr Soc 60:E1–E25
Svenningsen P, Manoharan T, Foss NB et al (2014) Increased mortality in the elderly after emergency abdominal surgery. Dan Med J 61:A4876
Green G, Shaikh I, Fernandes R, Wegstapel H (2013) Emergency laparotomy in octogenarians: a 5-year study of morbidity and mortality. World J Gastrointest Surg 5:216–221
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Mosquera C et al (2016) Impact of frailty on surgical outcomes: the right patient for the right procedure. Surgery 160:272–280
Ageing and health. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health. Accessed 8 Apr 2024
McIsaac DI, Moloo H, Bryson GL, van Walraven C (2017) The association of frailty with outcomes and resource use after emergency general surgery: a population-based cohort study. Anesth Analg 124:1653–1661
Parmar KL, Law J, Carter B et al (2021) Frailty in older patients undergoing emergency laparotomy: results from the uk observational emergency laparotomy and frailty (ELF) study. Ann Surg 273:709–718
Wilkinson K (2011) An age-old problem: care of older people undergoing surgery. Br J Hosp Med 72:126–127
Sacks GD, Dawes AJ, Ettner SL et al (2016) Impact of a risk calculator on risk perception and surgical decision making: a randomized trial. Ann Surg 264:889–895
Dilaver NM, Gwilym BL, Preece R et al (2020) Systematic review and narrative synthesis of surgeons’ perception of postoperative outcomes and risk. BJS Open 4:16–26
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Oliver CM, Bassett MG, Poulton TE et al (2018) Organisational factors and mortality after an emergency laparotomy: multilevel analysis of 39 903 national emergency laparotomy audit patients. Br J Anaesth 121:1346–1356
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Peden CJ, Stephens T, Martin G et al (2019) Effectiveness of a national quality improvement programme to improve survival after emergency abdominal surgery (EPOCH): a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial. Lancet 393:2213–2221
Weiss HK et al (2020) Electronic medical record versus bedside assessment: how to evaluate frailty in trauma and emergency general surgery patients? J Surg Res 246:464–475
Havens JM, Columbus AB, Seshadri AJ et al (2018) Risk stratification tools in emergency general surgery. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 3:e000160
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Viswanath M, Clinch D, Ceresoli M et al (2023) Perceptions and practices surrounding the perioperative management of frail emergency surgery patients: a WSES-endorsed cross-sectional qualitative survey. World J Emerg Surg 18:1–11
Pradhan N, Dyas AR, Bronsert MR et al (2022) Attitudes about use of preoperative risk assessment tools: a survey of surgeons and surgical residents in an academic health system. Patient Saf Surg 16:1–9
Eamer G et al (2018) Review of risk assessment tools to predict morbidity and mortality in elderly surgical patients. Am J Surg 216:585–594
Rolfson DB, Majumdar SR, Tsuyuki RT et al (2006) Validity and reliability of the edmonton frail scale. Age Ageing 35:526–529
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C et al (2005) A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. CMAJ 173:489–495
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Racz J, Dubois L, Katchky A, Wall W (2012) Elective and emergency abdominal surgery in patients 90 years of age or older. Can J Surg 55:322–328
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Slovic P, Finucane M, Peters E, MacGregor D (2007) The affect heuristic. Eur J Oper Res, 177, 1333–1352
Whelehan DF, Conlon KC, Ridgway PF (2021) If in doubt don’t act out! Exploring behaviours in clinical decision making by general surgeons towards surgical procedures. World J Surg 45:1055–1065
Brennan M, Puri S, Ozrazgat-Baslanti T et al (2019) Comparing clinical judgment with the MySurgeryRisk algorithm for preoperative risk assessment: a pilot usability study. Surgery 165:1035–1045
Shipway DJ et al (2015) Do surgical trainees believe they are adequately trained to manage the ageing population? A UK survey of knowledge and beliefs in surgical trainees. J Surg Educ 72:641–647
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Bilimoria KY, Liu Y, Paruch JL et al (2013) Development and evaluation of the universal ACS NSQIP surgical risk calculator: a decision aid and informed consent tool for patients and surgeons. J Am Coll Surg 217(833–42):e1-3
Sangji NF, Bohnen JD, Ramly EP et al (2016) Derivation and validation of a novel emergency surgery acuity score (ESAS). J Trauma Acute Care Surg 81:213–220
Deverakonda DL et al (2023) What if we do not operate? Outcomes of nonoperatively managed emergency general surgery patients. J Surg Res 284:29–36
Kongwibulwut M, Chiang K, Lee JM et al (2019) Life after 90: Predictors of mortality and performance of the ACS-NSQIP risk calculator in 4,724 nonagenarian patients undergoing emergency general surgery. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 86:853–857
Hyder JA, Reznor G, Wakeam E et al (2016) Risk prediction accuracy differs for emergency versus elective cases in the ACS-NSQIP. Ann Surg 264:959–965
Scotton G, Del Zotto G, Bernardi L et al (2020) Is the ACS-NSQIP risk calculator accurate in predicting adverse postoperative outcomes in the emergency setting? An Italian single-center preliminary study. World J Surg 44:3710–3719
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Scotton G, La Greca A, Lirusso C et al (2023) Can the American college of surgeons NSQIP surgical risk calculator accurately predict adverse postoperative outcomes in emergency abdominal surgery? An Italian multicenter analysis. J Am Coll Surg 236:387–398
Bertsimas D, Dunn J, Velmahos GC, Kaafarani HMA (2018) Surgical risk is not linear: derivation and validation of a novel, user-friendly, and machine-learning-based predictive OpTimal trees in emergency surgery risk (POTTER) calculator. Ann Surg 268:574–583
Eugene N, Oliver CM, Bassett MG et al (2018) Development and internal validation of a novel risk adjustment model for adult patients undergoing emergency laparotomy surgery: the national emergency laparotomy audit risk model. Br J Anaesth 121:739–748
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Whiteley MS, Prytherch DR, Higgins B et al (1996) An evaluation of the POSSUM surgical scoring system. Br J Surg 83:812–815
Comments (0)