Research ArticleAIDS/HIVImmunology Open Access | 10.1172/JCI185292

Parham Ramezani-Rad,1,2 Ester Marina-Zárate,1,2 Laura Maiorino,3 Amber Myers,1,2 Katarzyna Kaczmarek Michaels,3 Ivan S. Pires,3 Nathaniel I. Bloom,1,2 Mariane B. Melo,3 Ashley A. Lemnios,3 Paul G. Lopez,1,2 Christopher A. Cottrell,2,4 Iszac Burton,2,4 Bettina Groschel,2,4 Arpan Pradhan,5 Gabriela Stiegler,6 Magdolna Budai,6 Daniel Kumar,6 Sam Pallerla,7 Eddy Sayeed,7 Sangeetha L. Sagar,7 Sudhir Pai Kasturi,5 Koen K.A. Van Rompay,8,9 Lars Hangartner,2,4 Andreas Wagner,6 Dennis R. Burton,2,4,10 William R. Schief,2,4,10 Shane Crotty,1,2,11 and Darrell J. Irvine2,3,12

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Ramezani-Rad, P. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Marina-Zárate, E. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Maiorino, L. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Myers, A. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Kaczmarek Michaels, K. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Pires, I. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Bloom, N. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar |

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Melo, M. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Lemnios, A. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Lopez, P. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Cottrell, C. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Burton, I. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Groschel, B. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Pradhan, A. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar |

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Stiegler, G. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Budai, M. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Kumar, D. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Pallerla, S. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Sayeed, E. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Sagar, S. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Kasturi, S. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

4Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

5Emory National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

6Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria.

7The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative Inc. (IAVI), New York, New York, USA.

8California National Primate Research Center and

9Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, UCD, Davis, California, USA.

10IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

11Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, UCSD, La Jolla, California, USA.

12Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

Address correspondence to: Shane Crotty, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Cir, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Phone: 858.353.2139; Email: shane@lji.org. Or to: Darrell Irvine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main St, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. Phone: 617.452.4174; Email: djirvine@scripps.edu.

Authorship note: SC and DJI are co–senior authors.

Find articles by Van Rompay, K. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar |

1Center for Vaccine Innovation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA.

2Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA.

3Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.