Niare O, Markianos K, Volz J, Oduol F, Toure A, Bagayoko M, Sangare D, Traore SF, Wang R, Blass C, Dolo G, Bouare M, Kafatos FC, Kruglyak L, Toure YT, Vernick KD. Genetic loci affecting resistance to human malaria parasites in a West African mosquito vector population. Science. 2002;298(5591):213–6.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Riehle MM, Markianos K, Niare O, Xu J, Li J, Toure AM, Podiougou B, Oduol F, Diawara S, Diallo M, Coulibaly B, Ouatara A, Kruglyak L, Traore SF, Vernick KD. Natural malaria infection in Anopheles gambiae is regulated by a single genomic control region. Science. 2006;312(5773):577–9.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Riehle MM, Markianos K, Lambrechts L, Xia A, Sharakhov I, Koella JC, Vernick KD. A major genetic locus controlling natural Plasmodium falciparum infection is shared by East and West African Anopheles gambiae. Malar J. 2007;6:87.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mitri C, Jacques JC, Thiery I, Riehle MM, Xu J, Bischoff E, Morlais I, Nsango SE, Vernick KD, Bourgouin C. Fine pathogen discrimination within the APL1 gene family protects Anopheles gambiae against human and rodent malaria species. PLoS Pathog. 2009;5(9): e1000576.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

di Iulio J, Bartha I, Wong EHM, Yu HC, Lavrenko V, Yang D, Jung I, Hicks MA, Shah N, Kirkness EF, Fabani MM, Biggs WH, Ren B, Venter JC, Telenti A. The human noncoding genome defined by genetic diversity. Nat Genet. 2018;50(3):333–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mitri C, Bischoff E, Takashima E, Williams M, Eiglmeier K, Pain A, Guelbeogo WM, Gneme A, Brito-Fravallo E, Holm I, Lavazec C, Sagnon N, Baxter RH, Riehle MM, Vernick KD. An evolution-based screen for genetic differentiation between anopheles sister taxa enriches for detection of functional immune factors. PLoS Pathog. 2015;11(12): e1005306.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mitri C, Markianos K, Guelbeogo WM, Bischoff E, Gneme A, Eiglmeier K, Holm I, Sagnon N, Vernick KD, Riehle MM. The kdr-bearing haplotype and susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum in Anopheles gambiae: genetic correlation and functional testing. Malar J. 2015;14(1):391.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Redmond SN, Eiglmeier K, Mitri C, Markianos K, Guelbeogo WM, Gneme A, Isaacs AT, Coulibaly B, Brito-Fravallo E, Maslen G, Mead D, Niare O, Traore SF, Sagnon N, Kwiatkowski D, Riehle MM, Vernick KD. Association mapping by pooled sequencing identifies TOLL 11 as a protective factor against Plasmodium falciparum in Anopheles gambiae. BMC Genomics. 2015;16:779.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Farh KK, Marson A, Zhu J, Kleinewietfeld M, Housley WJ, Beik S, Shoresh N, Whitton H, Ryan RJ, Shishkin AA, Hatan M, Carrasco-Alfonso MJ, Mayer D, Luckey CJ, Patsopoulos NA, De Jager PL, Kuchroo VK, Epstein CB, Daly MJ, Hafler DA, Bernstein BE. Genetic and epigenetic fine mapping of causal autoimmune disease variants. Nature. 2015;518(7539):337–43.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ivancevic A, Simpson DM, Joyner OM, Bagby SM, Nguyen LL, Bitler BG, Pitts TM, Chuong EB. Endogenous retroviruses mediate transcriptional rewiring in response to oncogenic signaling in colorectal cancer. Sci Adv. 2024;10(29): eado1218.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kaplow IM, Lawler AJ, Schaffer DE, Srinivasan C, Sestili HH, Wirthlin ME, Phan BN, Prasad K, Brown AR, Zhang X, Foley K, Genereux DP, Zoonomia C, Karlsson EK, Lindblad-Toh K, Meyer WK, Pfenning AR. Relating enhancer genetic variation across mammals to complex phenotypes using machine learning. Science. 2023;380(6643): eabm7993.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kharchenko PV, Alekseyenko AA, Schwartz YB, Minoda A, Riddle NC, Ernst J, Sabo PJ, Larschan E, Gorchakov AA, Gu T, Linder-Basso D, Plachetka A, Shanower G, Tolstorukov MY, Luquette LJ, Xi R, Jung YL, Park RW, Bishop EP, Canfield TK, Sandstrom R, Thurman RE, MacAlpine DM, Stamatoyannopoulos JA, Kellis M, Elgin SC, Kuroda MI, Pirrotta V, Karpen GH, Park PJ. Comprehensive analysis of the chromatin landscape in Drosophila melanogaster. Nature. 2011;471(7339):480–5.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Schaub MA, Boyle AP, Kundaje A, Batzoglou S, Snyder M. Linking disease associations with regulatory information in the human genome. Genome Res. 2012;22(9):1748–59.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Okumu F, Moore SJ, Selvaraj P, Yafin AH, Juma EO, Shirima GG, Majambere S, Hardy A, Knols BGJ, Msugupakulya BJ, Finda M, Kahamba N, Thomsen E, Ahmed A, Zohdy S, Chaki P, DeChant P, Fornace K, Govella N, Gowelo S, Hakizimana E, Hamainza B, Ijumba JN, Jany W, Kafy HT, Kaindoa EW, Kariuki L, Kiware S, Kweka EJ, Lobo NF, Marrenjo D, Matoke-Muhia D, Mbogo C, McCann RS, Monroe A, Ndenga BA, Ngowo HS, Ochomo E, Opiyo M, Reithinger R, Sikaala CH, Tatarsky A, Takudzwa D, Trujillano F, Sherrard-Smith E. Elevating larval source management as a key strategy for controlling malaria and other vector-borne diseases in Africa. Parasit Vectors. 2025;18(1):45.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pryce J, Medley N, Choi L. Indoor residual spraying for preventing malaria in communities using insecticide-treated nets. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022;1(1): CD012688.

PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tusting LS, Thwing J, Sinclair D, Fillinger U, Gimnig J, Bonner KE, Bottomley C, Lindsay SW. Mosquito larval source management for controlling malaria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;2013(8): CD008923.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Wilson AL, Courtenay O, Kelly-Hope LA, Scott TW, Takken W, Torr SJ, Lindsay SW. The importance of vector control for the control and elimination of vector-borne diseases. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(1): e0007831.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Munyakanage D, Niyituma E, Mutabazi A, Misago X, Musanabaganwa C, Remera E, Rutayisire E, Ingabire MM, Majambere S, Mbituyumuremyi A, Ngugi MP, Kokwaro E, Hakizimana E, Muvunyi CM. The impact of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Vectobac((R)) WDG) larvicide sprayed with drones on the bio-control of malaria vectors in rice fields of sub-urban Kigali, Rwanda. Malar J. 2024;23(1):281.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Haber DA, Arien Y, Lamdan LB, Alcalay Y, Zecharia C, Krsticevic F, Yonah ES, Avraham RD, Krzywinska E, Krzywinski J, Marois E, Windbichler N, Papathanos PA. Targeting mosquito X-chromosomes reveals complex transmission dynamics of sex ratio distorting gene drives. Nat Commun. 2024;15(1):4983.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Hancock PA, North A, Leach AW, Winskill P, Ghani AC, Godfray HCJ, Burt A, Mumford JD. The potential of gene drives in malaria vector species to control malaria in African environments. Nat Commun. 2024;15(1):8976.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wang GH, Hoffmann A, Champer J. Gene drive and symbiont technologies for control of mosquito-borne diseases. Annu Rev Entomol. 2025;70(1):229–49.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Wudarski J, Aliabadi S, Gulia-Nuss M. Arthropod promoters for genetic control of disease vectors. Trends Parasitol. 2024;40(7):619–32.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Farley EJ, Eggleston H, Riehle MM. Filtering the junk: assigning function to the mosquito non-coding genome. Insects. 2021;12(2):186.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Villar D, Berthelot C, Aldridge S, Rayner TF, Lukk M, Pignatelli M, Park TJ, Deaville R, Erichsen JT, Jasinska AJ, Turner JM, Bertelsen MF, Murchison EP, Flicek P, Odom DT. Enhancer evolution across 20 mammalian species. Cell. 2015;160(3):554–66.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Yang S, Oksenberg N, Takayama S, Heo SJ, Poliakov A, Ahituv N, Dubchak I, Boffelli D. Functionally conserved enhancers with divergent sequences in distant vertebrates. BMC Genomics. 2015;16:882.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Holm I, Nardini L, Pain A, Bischoff E, Anderson CE, Zongo S, Guelbeogo WM, Sagnon N, Gohl DM, Nowling RJ, Vernick KD, Riehle MM. Comprehensive genomic discovery of non-coding transcriptional enhancers in the african malaria vector Anopheles coluzzii. Front Genet. 2021;12: 785934.

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ruiz JL, Yerbanga RS, Lefevre T, Ouedraogo JB, Corces VG, Gomez-Diaz E. Chromatin changes in Anopheles gambiae induced by Plasmodium falciparum infection. Epigenetics Chromatin. 2019;12(1):5.

Article