In routine clinical follow-up of surgically and conservatively treated shoulder patients, physicians are frequently asked which self-exercises are appropriate at the current stage of treatment to help patients to reach their individual functional potential. This article addresses common clinical presentations based on the established four-phase rehabilitation model. Developed collaboratively by physicians and physiotherapists, it aims to provide a structured, stage-specific framework for analyzing key functional deficits. In addition, it offers physicians a selection of simple, illustrated self-exercises—supported by image sequences and video links—tailored to the patient’s specific symptomatology.