In July 2025, Andersson et al. reported in Annals of Internal Medicine that early-life exposure to Aluminium (Al)-adjuvanted vaccines was not associated with increased risk of 50 chronic diseases, based on a Danish cohort of 1.2 million children. While widely cited as reassuring evidence of Al-Based Adjuvant (ABA) safety, closer scrutiny reveals major methodological and conceptual flaws. Specifically, the study demonstrates limited understanding of Al toxicology, weaknesses in cohort design and statistical analysis, and insufficient transparency regarding potential conflicts of interest. We argue that these shortcomings prevent meaningful conclusions about ABA safety, particularly in relation to neurodevelopmental and autoimmune outcomes, and highlight the need for more rigorous, transparent, and scientifically grounded investigations.

Aluminium-Based Adjuvants

Vaccine safety

Neurodevelopmental outcomes

Autoimmune diseases

Epidemiology

Methodological flaws

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