Time-Dependent Comparative Effectiveness of First-Line Treatment for Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Restricted Mean Survival Time-Based Network Meta-analysis

Powles T, Albiges L, Bex A, et al. Renal cell carcinoma: ESMO clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2024;35(8):692–706.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bex A, Ghanem YA, Albiges L, et al. European Association of Urology guidelines on renal cell carcinoma: the 2025 update. Eur Urol. 2025;87(6):683–96.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Oh DY, Rokutanda N, Żotkiewicz M, He P, Stocks J, Johnson ML. Delayed separation of Kaplan-Meier curves is commonly observed in studies of advanced/metastatic solid tumors treated with anti-PD-(L)1 therapy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Target Oncol. 2025;20(1):45–56.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yanagisawa T, Mori K, Matsukawa A, et al. Updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of first-line treatments for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with extended follow-up data. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2024;73(2):38.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schmidinger M, Rane PP, Yan K, et al. Efficacy of first-line treatments for advanced renal cell carcinoma: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of objective response, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Target Oncol. 2025;20(3):375–87.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wang J, Li X, Li M, et al. Unveiling the best immune checkpoint inhibitor-based therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the first-line setting: an updated systematic review and Bayesian network analysis. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2025;17:17588359251353259.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhong Y, Schaubel DE. Restricted mean survival time as a function of restriction time. Biometrics. 2022;78(1):192–201.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Tang X, Trinquart L. Bayesian multivariate network meta-analysis model for the difference in restricted mean survival times. Stat Med. 2022;41(3):595–611.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liu N, Zhou Y, Lee JJ. IPDfromKM: reconstruct individual patient data from published Kaplan-Meier survival curves. BMC Med Res Method. 2021;21(1):111.

Article  Google Scholar 

Rogula B, Lozano-Ortega G, Johnston KM. A method for reconstructing individual patient data from Kaplan-Meier survival curves that incorporate marked censoring times. MDM Policy & Practice. 2022;7(1):23814683221077643.

Article  Google Scholar 

Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000100.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nejadghaderi SA, Balibegloo M, Rezaei N. The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool 2 (RoB 2) versus the original RoB: a perspective on the pros and cons. Health Sci Rep. 2024;7(6):e2165.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Zhang Y, Akl EA, Schünemann HJ. Using systematic reviews in guideline development: the GRADE approach. Res Synth Methods. 2019;10(3):312–29.

Article  Google Scholar 

Yan XQ, Ye MJ, Zou Q, et al. Toripalimab plus axitinib versus sunitinib as first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: RENOTORCH, a randomized, open-label, phase III study. Ann Oncol. 2024;35(2):190–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Choueiri TK, Albiges L, Barthélémy P, et al. Tivozanib plus nivolumab versus tivozanib monotherapy in patients with renal cell carcinoma following an immune checkpoint inhibitor: results of the phase 3 TiNivo-2 study. Lancet. 2024;404(10460):1309–20.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Motzer R, Alekseev B, Rha SY, et al. Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab or everolimus for advanced renal cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(14):1289–300.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Choueiri TK, Eto M, Motzer R, et al. Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus sunitinib as first-line treatment of patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (CLEAR): extended follow-up from the phase 3, randomised, open-label study. Lancet Oncol. 2023;24(3):228–38.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Motzer RJ, Penkov K, Haanen J, et al. Avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(12):1103–15.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Choueiri TK, Motzer RJ, Rini BI, et al. Updated efficacy results from the JAVELIN Renal 101 trial: first-line avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Ann Oncol. 2020;31(8):1030–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Haanen J, Larkin J, Choueiri TK, et al. Extended follow-up from JAVELIN Renal 101: subgroup analysis of avelumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib by the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium risk group in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. ESMO Open. 2023;8(3):101210.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rini BI, Plimack ER, Stus V, et al. Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(12):1116–27.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Powles T, Plimack ER, Soulières D, et al. Pembrolizumab plus axitinib versus sunitinib monotherapy as first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (KEYNOTE-426): extended follow-up from a randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2020;21(12):1563–73.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Choueiri TK, Powles T, Burotto M, et al. Nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib for advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(9):829–41.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Motzer RJ, Powles T, Burotto M, et al. Nivolumab plus cabozantinib versus sunitinib in first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma (CheckMate 9ER): long-term follow-up results from an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2022;23(7):888–98.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Motzer RJ, Tannir NM, McDermott DF, et al. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(14):1277–90.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Motzer RJ, Rini BI, McDermott DF, et al. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in first-line treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma: extended follow-up of efficacy and safety results from a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(10):1370–85.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Motzer RJ, Escudier B, McDermott DF, et al. Survival outcomes and independent response assessment with nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma: 42-month follow-up of a randomized phase 3 clinical trial. J Immunother Cancer. 2020;8(2):e000891.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Albiges L, Tannir NM, Burotto M, et al. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib for first-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma: extended 4-year follow-up of the phase III CheckMate 214 trial. ESMO Open. 2020;5(6):e001079.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Motzer RJ, McDermott DF, Escudier B, et al. Conditional survival and long-term efficacy with nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus sunitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma. Cancer. 2022;128(11):2085–97.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Choueiri TK, Powles T, Albiges L, et al. Cabozantinib plus nivolumab and ipilimumab in renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2023;388(19):1767–78.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central 

Comments (0)

No login
gif