Nolden AA, Hwang L-D, Boltong A, Reed DR (2019) Chemosensory changes from cancer treatment and their effects on patients’ food behavior: a scoping review. Nutrients 11(10):2285. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102285

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Rosati D, Mastino P, Romeo M et al (2024) Taste and smell alterations (TSAs) in cancer patients. Diseases 12(6):130. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12060130

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Leon M, Troscianko ET, Woo CC (2024) Inflammation and olfaction loss are associated with at least 139 medical conditions. Front Mol Neurosci 17:. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12060130

Spotten L, Corish C, Lorton C et al (2017) Subjective and objective taste and smell changes in cancer. Ann Oncol 28:969–984. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdx018

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Webber TB, Briata IM, DeCensi A et al (2023) Taste and smell disorders in cancer treatment: results from an integrative rapid systematic review. Int J Mol Sci. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032538

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Alfaro R, Crowder S, Sarma KP et al (2021) Taste and smell function in head and neck cancer survivors. Chem Senses 46:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjab026

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Croy I, Nordin S, Hummel T (2014) Olfactory disorders and quality of life - an updated review. Chem Senses 39:185–194. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjt072

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

McGreevy J, Orrevall Y, Belqaid K et al (2014) Characteristics of taste and smell alterations reported by patients after starting treatment for lung cancer. Support Care Cancer 22:2635–2644. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-014-2215-2

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Stromberg K, Parma V, Manley K, et al (2025) Education is treatment: integrating chemosensory dysfunction education in oncology care. J Cancer Educ

Rivas-Acosta H, Vedrenne-Gutierrez F, Ramirez Monroy MF et al (2025) Effect of taste perception on nutritional status in patients with breast cancer: a systematic review. Nutr Hosp 42:807–819. https://doi.org/10.20960/nh.05722

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Freedman EG, Schneider B Srvyr. Available from: http://gdfe.co/srvyr/index.html

Oleszkiewicz A, Schriever VA, Croy I et al (2019) Updated Sniffin’ sticks normative data based on an extended sample of 9139 subjects. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 276:719–728. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-018-5248-1

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Joseph JV, Nolden A, Kober KM et al (2021) Fatigue, stress, and functional status are associated with taste changes in oncology patients receiving chemotherapy. J Pain Symptom Manage. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.11.029

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Galaniha LT, Nolden AA (2022) The role of saliva in taste dysfunction among cancer patients: mechanisms and potential treatment. Oral Oncol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.106030

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Soter A, Kim J, Jackman A et al (2009) Accuracy of self-report in detecting taste dysfunction. Laryngoscope 118:611–617. https://doi.org/10.1097/MLG.0b013e318161e53a

Article  Google Scholar 

Nguyen H, Albayay J, Hochenberger R et al (2023) COVID-19 affects taste independent of taste–smell confusions: results from a combined chemosensory home test and online survey from a large global cohort. Chem Senses. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjad020

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Deems D, Doty R, Moore-Gillon V et al (1991) Smell and taste disorders, a study of 750 patients from the University of Pennsylvania Smell and Taste Center. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 117:519–528. https://doi.org/10.1001/archotol.1991.01870170065015

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Rolls E (2006) Brain mechanisms underlying flavour and appetite. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 361:1123–1136. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1852

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hannum ME, Ramirez VA, Lipson SJ et al (2020) Objective sensory testing methods reveal a higher prevalence of olfactory loss in COVID-19–positive patients compared to subjective methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chem Senses. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa064

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hannum ME, Koch RJ, Ramirez VA, et al (2024) Retraction and replacement of: taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chem Senses 47:. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjad044

Klimek L, Hagemann J, Döge J et al (2022) Olfactory and gustatory disorders in COVID-19. Allergo J Int 31:243–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40629-022-00216-7

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Suka M, Katsube A, Fujimoto R et al (2024) Incidence and impact of food aversions among patients with cancer receiving outpatient chemotherapy: a one-year prospective survey. Support Care Cancer 32:810. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-024-09028-7

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

IJpma I, Renken R, Horst GJT, Reyners AKL (2016) The palatability of oral nutritional supplements: before, during, and after chemotherapy. Support Care Cancer 24:4301–4308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-016-3263-6

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Stratton RJ, Hackston A, Longmore D et al (2004) Malnutrition in hospital outpatients and inpatients: prevalence, concurrent validity and ease of use of the “malnutrition universal screening tool” (‘MUST’) for adults. Br J Nutr 92:799–808. https://doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041258

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Jha N, Speers J, Gastineau L et al (2025) Smell and taste impairments in head and neck cancer patients—a scoping review. Nutrients 17:1087. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17061087

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Voss AC (2021) Oncology nutrition for clinical practice, second. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Parma V, Hannum ME, O’Leary M et al (2021) SCENTinel 1.0: development of a rapid test to screen for smell loss. Chem Senses. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjab012

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Weir EM, Hannum ME, Reed DR et al (2022) The adaptive olfactory measure of threshold (ArOMa-T): a rapid test of olfactory function. Chem Senses. https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjac036

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Mastinu M, Pieniak M, Wolf A et al (2022) A simple taste test for clinical assessment of taste and oral somatosensory function—the “Seven-iTT.” Life 13:59. https://doi.org/10.3390/life13010059

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

National Helath Interview Survey (NHIS) (2021) National Center for Health Statistics. United States Census Bureau.