Integrated Specialty Care: A Review of the Current State

Davenport S, Gray TJ, Melek S. Co-occurring physical and BH conditions contribute to high healthcare costs, increased morbidity, and premature mortality. [Internet]. 2020. https://media.milliman.com/v1/media/edge/images/millimaninc5660-milliman6442-prod27d5-0001/media/Milliman/PDFs/Articles/Milliman-High-Cost-Patient-Study-2020.pdf. Accessed 14 May 2026.

Bodenheimer T, Sinsky C. From triple to quadruple aim: care of the patient requires care of the provider. Ann Fam Med. 2014;12:573–6. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1713.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Baird M, Blount A, Brungardt S, Dickenson P, Dietrich A, Epperly T, JOINT PRINCIPLES: INTEGRATING BEHAVIORAL HEALTH CARE INTO THE PATIENT-CENTERED MEDICAL HOME, et al. Ann Fam Med. 2014;12:183–5. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1633.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

CMS.gov. 2024. https://www.cms.gov/priorities/innovation/key-concepts/specialty-care

American Board of Medical Specialties. ABMS Guide to Medical Specialties 2026 Edition [Internet]. 2026 [cited 2026 Apr 16]. https://www.abms.org/abms-guide-to-medical-specialties/. Accessed 16 Apr 2026.

Arksey H, O’Malley L. Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework. Int J Social Res Methodol Routledge. 2005;8:19–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616.

Article  Google Scholar 

Bloor L, Prescott D, Antick J, Ashton K, Lassen-Greene C, Ivey L et al. Where are psychologists working in specialty medicine? [Internet]. 2025. https://www.apa.org/practice/psychologists-specialty-medicine

Covidence Systematic Review Software. Veritas Health Innovation [Internet]. Melbourne, Australia. 2026. www.covidence.org.

Collins C, Munger R, Wade T. Evolving models of behavioral health integration in primary care. Milbank Memorial Fund; 2010.

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. What is integrated behavioral health [Internet]. 2024. https://integrationacademy.ahrq.gov/about/integrated-behavioral-health

Carroll AJ, Jaffe AE, Stanton K, Guille C, Lazenby GB, Soper DE, et al. Program Evaluation of an Integrated Behavioral Health Clinic in an Outpatient Women’s Health Clinic: Challenges and Considerations. J Clin Psychol Med Settings United States. 2020;27:207–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-019-09684-6.

Article  Google Scholar 

Vela AM, Gaffey AE, Carroll AJ, Cavanagh CE, Brewer LC, Hayman LL, et al. Intensive Behavioral Counseling in Cardiovascular Care: Opportunities to Improve Health Equity. JACC Adv United States. 2023;2:100678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100678.

Article  Google Scholar 

Quittner AL, Abbott J, Hussain S, Ong T, Uluer A, Hempstead S, et al. Integration of mental health screening and treatment into cystic fibrosis clinics: Evaluation of initial implementation in 84 programs across the United States. Pediatr Pulmonol United States. 2020;55:2995–3004. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.24949.

Article  Google Scholar 

Kwitowski MA, Lebin LG, Kelleher J, Zsemlye M, Nagle-Yang S. Behavioral Health Integration on Inpatient Obstetric Units: Program Development, Strategies for Implementation, and Lessons Learned. Clin Obstet Gynecol United States. 2024;67:169–85. https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0000000000000842.

Article  Google Scholar 

Quittner AL, Barker D, Graziano S, Georgiopoulos AM, Muther E, Verkleij M, et al. National integration of mental health screening and treatment into specialized care for cystic fibrosis: What predicts success? Pediatr Pulmonol. United States. 2023;58:1768–76. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppul.26400.

Article  Google Scholar 

Sekar R, Gore JL. Integration of Mental Health Metrics into Patient-centered Care of Urology Patients. Eur Urol Focus. 2020;6:1147–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euf.2020.04.003.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kovacs AH, Brouillette J, Ibeziako P, Jackson JL, Kasparian NA, Kim YY, et al. Psychological Outcomes and Interventions for Individuals With Congenital Heart Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes United States. 2022;15:e000110. https://doi.org/10.1161/HCQ.0000000000000110.

Article  Google Scholar 

Goedde D, Zidack A, Li YH, Arkava D, Mullette E, Mullowney Y, et al. Depression Outcomes From a Fully Integrated Obstetric Mental Health Clinic: A 10-Year Examination. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc United States. 2021;27:123–33. https://doi.org/10.1177/1078390319897311.

Article  Google Scholar 

Wiener CH, Cassisi JE, Blaney CL, Newins AR, Gros B. A randomized trial of a brief behavioral health lifestyle program for outpatient cardiology clinics. J Health Psychol Engl. 2022;27:176–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105320945003.

Article  Google Scholar 

Moses-Kolko EL, Li R, Gopalan P, Poerschke R, Schlesinger AB. Impact of colocated behavioral health on OB-GYN clinicians’ rate of perinatal behavioral health diagnosis and psychotropic prescription. Gen Hosp Psychiatry United States. 2023;84:18–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.05.004.

Article  Google Scholar 

Mallela J, Pereira L, Simon E, Makkapati S, Forty S, Bruno S, et al. Communicating Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology Treatment Guidelines in Practice: The Importance of Documentation for Ensuring Positive Impacts on Oncology Care. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol United States. 2024;13:852–8. https://doi.org/10.1089/jayao.2023.0188.

Article  Google Scholar 

Bernstein E, Jones AM, Jurbergs N, Harman JL, Phipps S, Heidelberg RE. Integrated psychological services in pediatric oncology: caregiver perspectives at diagnosis. Cancers (Basel) Switz. 2024;16. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16183137.

Caccavale LJ, Bernstein R, Yarbro JL, Rushton H, Gelfand KM, Schwimmer BA. Impact and Cost-Effectiveness of Integrated Psychology Services in a Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic. J Clin Psychol Med Settings United States. 2020;27:615–21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-019-09645-z.

Article  Google Scholar 

Bombardier CH, Fann JR, Ehde DM, Reyes MR, Burns SP, Barber JK, et al. Collaborative Care Versus Usual Care to Improve Quality of Life, Pain, Depression, and Physical Activity in Outpatients With Spinal Cord Injury: The SCI-CARE Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. J Neurotrauma. 2023;40:2667–79. https://doi.org/10.1089/neu.2023.0200.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hayes LC, Cendron M. Comorbidity of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptomatology and Bowel and Bladder Dysfunction in a Tertiary Children’s Hospital: A Case Series. Urology. 2023;176:156–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2023.01.049.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jester JM, Hoffman CM, Issa M, Riggs JL, O’Neill H, Duprey M, et al. Improving perinatal mood and anxiety disorders through integrated infant mental health care in obstetrics: evidence from a program evaluation study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2025;25:1269. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-08444-9.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Nguyen A, Chikoti R, Bell D, Pain. Distress, and Psychological Sequelae in Pediatric Burn Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Interventions Across the Care Continuum. J Burn Care Res. 2025;13:13. https://doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraf190.

Article  Google Scholar 

Zanowski SC, Price JS, Selim MA, Schumann V, Durazo F, Hong JC. Effect of an Integrated transplantation mental health program on alcohol relapse after liver transplantation for severe alcoholic hepatitis: a single-center prospective study. Transplant Proc. 2022;54:2627–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2022.09.026

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jasser J, Patel DR, Beenen KT. The Role of Psychologists in Sport Medicine Practice. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2022;69:975–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2022.05.010.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rouse CM. Pediatric Psychology in a Urology Division: Unifying Complex Medical and Mental Health Treatment. Curr Urol Rep United States. 2023;24:17–24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11934-022-01127-4.

Article  Google Scholar 

Hunter W, Pettigrew J, Carpenter KM, Worly B, Coons HL. Improving Sexual Health Across the Life Span Through Integrated Care in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2024;67:233–46. https://doi.org/10.1097/GRF.0000000000000830.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

English CMC. Screening Isn’t Enough: A Call to Integrate Behavioral Health Providers in Women’s Health and Perinatal Care Settings. Int J Integr Care [Electronic Resource]. 2020;20:12. https://doi.org/10.5334/ijic.5640.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Goldman RE, Damush TM, Kuruvilla DE, Lindsey H, Baird S, Riley S, et al. Essential components of care in a multidisciplinary headache center: Perspectives from headache neurology specialists. Headache United States. 2022;62:306–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/head.14277.

Article  Google Scholar 

Crane S, Osterbauer MC, Piland N, Satterfield A. Marriage and Family Therapists in Pediatric Integrated Specialty Care Settings: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. J Marital Family Therapy. 2026;52:e70101. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmft.70101.

Article  Google Scholar 

Sterba KR, Johnson EE, Douglas E, Aujla R, Boyars L, Kruis R, et al. Implementation of a women’s reproductive behavioral health telemedicine program: a qualitative study of barriers and facilitators in obstetric and pediatric clinics. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth Engl. 2023;23:167. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-023-05463-2.

Article  Google Scholar 

Charns MP, Benzer JK, McIntosh NM, Mohr DC, Singer SJ, Gurewich D. A Multi-site Case Study of Care Coordination Between Primary Care and Specialty Care. Med Care. 2022;60:361–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/MLR.0000000000001704.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shekelle P, Begashaw M, De Vries G, Miake-Lye I. Department Veterans Affairs. 2024;09:09.

Google Scholar 

Bean MR, Watson MM, Moore ML, Strom LA. Referral to a Functional Seizures Clinic Reduces Inpatient and Emergency Department Health Care Utilization and Costs. Neurol Clin Pract United States. 2025;15:e200393. https://doi.org/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000200393.

Article  Google Scholar 

Watson MM, Kerr WT, Bean M, Strom L. Functional Seizure Clinics: A Proposed Financially Viable Solution to the Neurologist Supply and Demand Mismatch. Neurol Clin Pract United States. 2023;13:e200179. https://doi.org/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000200179.

Article 

Comments (0)

No login
gif