These authors contributed equally: Wenjun Hao, Peng Liang, Wanglong Zheng, Minglu Sheng.

Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

Wenjun Hao, Peng Liang, Xiang Gao, Haolin Zhao, Yanlong Wang, Bo Fan, Zhihong Dai, Liang Wang, Ying Wang & Zhiyu Liu

Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Urological Digital Precision Diagnosis and Treatment, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

Wenjun Hao, Peng Liang, Xiang Gao, Haolin Zhao, Yanlong Wang, Bo Fan, Zhihong Dai, Liang Wang, Huan Qi, Ying Wang & Zhiyu Liu

Liaoning Engineering Research Center of Integrated Precision Diagnosis and Treatment Technology for Urological Cancer, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

Wenjun Hao, Peng Liang, Xiang Gao, Haolin Zhao, Yanlong Wang, Bo Fan, Zhihong Dai, Liang Wang, Huan Qi, Ying Wang & Zhiyu Liu

Dalian Key Laboratory of Prostate Cancer Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

Wenjun Hao, Peng Liang, Xiang Gao, Haolin Zhao, Yanlong Wang, Bo Fan, Zhihong Dai, Liang Wang, Huan Qi, Ying Wang & Zhiyu Liu

Pharmaceutical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

Wanglong Zheng & Minglu Sheng

College (Institute) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

Yulin Peng & Yan Wang

Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

Yuyan Zhu

Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

Xu Sun

College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

Zhenlong Yu