Colotta F, Allavena P, Sica A, Garlanda C, Mantovani A. Cancer-related inflammation, the seventh hallmark of cancer: links to genetic instability. Carcinogenesis. 2009;30 7:1073–81.
Tominaga O, Nita ME, Nagawa H, Fujii S, Tsuruo T, Muto T. Expressions of cell cycle regulators in human colorectal cancer cell lines. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1997;88 9:855–60.
Rupnarain C, Dlamini Z, Naicker S, Bhoola K. Colon cancer: genomics and apoptotic events. 2004.
Bishnupuri KS, Luo Q, Murmu N, Houchen CW, Anant S, Dieckgraefe BK. Reg IV activates the epidermal growth factor receptor/Akt/AP-1 signaling pathway in colon adenocarcinomas. Gastroenterology. 2006;130(1):137–49.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Karin M. NF-κB and cancer: mechanisms and targets. Molecular carcinogenesis: published in Cooperation with the university of Texas MD Anderson Cancer center. 2006;45 6:355–61.
Maeda K, Nishiguchi Y, Kang S-M, Yashiro M, Onoda N, Sawada T, et al. Expression of thrombospondin-1 inversely correlated with tumor vascularity and hematogenous metastasis in colon cancer. Oncol Rep. 2001;8(4):763–6.
Whisenant J, Bergstand E. Anti-angiogenic strategies in Gastrointestinal malignancies. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2005;6:411–21.
Schimanski CC, Schwald S, Simiantonaki N, Jayasinghe C, Gönner U, Wilsberg V, et al. Effect of chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CCR7 on the metastatic behavior of human colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11 5:1743–50.
Vennervald B, Polman K. Helminths and malignancy. Parasite Immunol. 2009;31:11686–96.
Hanahan D, Weinberg RA. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell. 2011;144(5):646–74.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, Laversanne M, Soerjomataram I, Jemal A, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. Cancer J Clin. 2021;71:3209–49.
Chon SY, Champion RW, Geddes ER, Rashid RM. Chemotherapy-induced alopecia. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67(1):e37–47.
Fillon M. Lung cancer radiation May increase the risk of major adverse cardiac events. Cancer J Clin. 2019;69(6):435–7.
Tan S, Li D, Zhu X. Cancer immunotherapy: pros, cons and beyond. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;124:109821.
Ribas A, Wolchok JD. Cancer immunotherapy using checkpoint Blockade. Science. 2018;359 6382:1350–5.
June CH, O’Connor RS, Kawalekar OU, Ghassemi S, Milone MC. CAR T cell immunotherapy for human cancer. Science. 2018;359 6382:1361–5.
Callejas BE, Martínez-Saucedo D, Terrazas LI. Parasites as negative regulators of cancer. Biosci Rep. 2018;38 5:BSR20180935.
Shahrivar F, Sadraei J, Pirestani M, Ahmadpour E. Enhancement of apoptosis in Caco-2, Hep-G2, and HT29 cancer cell lines following exposure to Toxoplasma gondii peptides. Drug Target Insights. 2024;18:70.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ding H, Wu S, Jin Z, Zheng B, Hu Y, He K, et al. Anti-Tumor effect of parasitic protozoans. Bioengineering. 2022;9:8.
Wang P, Li S, Zhao Y, Zhang B, Li Y, Liu S, et al. The GRA15 protein from Toxoplasma gondii enhances host defense responses by activating the interferon stimulator STING. J Biol Chem. 2019;294 45:16494–508.
Chakraborty S, Roy S, Mistry HU, Murthy S, George N, Bhandari V, et al. Potential sabotage of host cell physiology by apicomplexan parasites for their survival benefits. Front Immunol. 2017;8:298145.
Huang H, Yang W, Hu J, Jiang Y, Wang J, Shi C, et al. Antitumour metastasis and the antiangiogenic and antitumour effects of a Eimeria stiedae soluble protein. Parasite Immunol. 2021;43 6:e12825.
Qin L, Chen C, Chen L, Xue R, Ou-Yang M, Zhou C, et al. Worldwide malaria incidence and cancer mortality are inversely associated. Infect Agents cancer. 2017;12:1–8.
Dupont CD, Christian DA, Hunter CA. Immune response and immunopathology during toxoplasmosis. In: Seminars in immunopathology. 2012;793–813. Springer.
Fox BA, Bzik DJ. Avirulent uracil auxotrophs based on disruption of orotidine-5′-monophosphate decarboxylase elicit protective immunity to Toxoplasma gondii. Infect Immun. 2010;78 9:3744–52.
Jones JL, Kruszon-Moran D, Wilson M, McQuillan G, Navin T, McAuley JB. Toxoplasma gondii infection in the united states: Seroprevalence and risk factors. Am J Epidemiol. 2001;154(4):357–65.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Jones JL, Dubey J. Foodborne toxoplasmosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2012;55:6845–51.
de Barros RAM, Torrecilhas AC, Marciano MAM, Mazuz ML, Pereira-Chioccola VL, Fux B. Toxoplasmosis in human and animals around the world. Diagnosis and perspectives in the one health approach. Acta Trop. 2022;231:106432.
Grigg ME, Bonnefoy S, Hehl AB, Suzuki Y, Boothroyd JC. Success and virulence in Toxoplasma as the result of sexual recombination between two distinct ancestries. Science. 2001;294 5540:161–5.
Hunter CA, Sibley LD. Modulation of innate immunity by Toxoplasma gondii virulence effectors. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2012;10:11766–78.
Hassan MA, Olijnik A-A, Frickel E-M, Saeij JP. Clonal and atypical Toxoplasma strain differences in virulence vary with mouse sub-species. Int J Parasitol. 2019;49(1):63–70.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hoffmann S, Batz MB, Morris JG Jr. Annual cost of illness and quality-adjusted life year losses in the united States due to 14 foodborne pathogens. J Food Prot. 2012;75 7:1292–302.
Torgerson PR, Mastroiacovo P. The global burden of congenital toxoplasmosis: a systematic review. Bull World Health Organ. 2013;91:501–8.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Safarpour H, Cevik M, Zarean M, Barac A, Hatam-Nahavandi K, Rahimi MT, et al. Global status of Toxoplasma gondii infection and associated risk factors in people living with HIV. AIDS. 2020;34 3:469–74. https://doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000002424
Flegr J, Stříž I. Potential Immunomodulatory effects of latent toxoplasmosis in humans. BMC Infect Dis. 2011;11:1–7.
Majidiani H, Dalimi A, Ghaffarifar F, Pirestani M, Ghaffari AD. Computational probing of Toxoplasma gondii major surface antigen 1 (SAG1) for enhanced vaccine design against toxoplasmosis. Microb Pathog. 2020;147:104386.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Ahmadpour E, Babaie F, Kazemi T, Mehrani Moghaddam S, Moghimi A, Hosseinzadeh R, et al. Overview of apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammatory processes in Toxoplasma gondii infected cells. Pathogens. 2023;12(2):253. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020253
Payne TM, Molestina RE, Sinai AP. Inhibition of caspase activation and a requirement for NF-κB function in the Toxoplasma gondii-mediated Blockade of host apoptosis. J Cell Sci. 2003;116 21:4345–58.
Keller P, Schaumburg F, Fischer SF, Häcker G, Groß U, Lüder CG. Direct Inhibition of cytochrome c-induced caspase activation in vitro by Toxoplasma gondii reveals novel mechanisms of interference with host cell apoptosis. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2006;258 2:312–9.
Goebel S, Gross U, Lüder CG. Inhibition of host cell apoptosis by Toxoplasma gondii is accompanied by reduced activation of the caspase cascade and alterations of Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase expression. J Cell Sci. 2001;114:193495–505.
Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, Rosenthal DS, Iyer S, Boulares AH, Smulson ME. Transient Poly (ADP-ribosyl) ation of nuclear proteins and role of Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase in the early stages of apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 1998;273 22:13703–12.
Hong SJ, Dawson TM, Dawson VL. Nuclear and mitochondrial conversations in cell death: PARP-1 and AIF signaling. Trends in Pharmacological sciences. 2004;25(5):259–64.
Seyedeh MS, Nahid S, Nahid M, Shima DP, Morteza Y, Hossein YD. Low titer of antibody against Toxoplasma gondii May be related to resistant to cancer. J Cancer Res Ther. 2015;11 2:305–7. https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-1482.144638.
Banchereau J, Steinman RM. Dendritic cells and the control of immunity. Nature. 1998;392:6673245–52.
Palucka K, Banchereau J. Cancer immunotherapy via dendritic cells. Nat Rev Cancer. 2012;12:4265–77.
Comments (0)