Volume 94, June 2026, 104311Author links open overlay panelFederica Marelli a, Alessia Galli b, Giada Ruggi c, Filippo Binda bShow moreAccess through your organization

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Access through your organizationSection snippetsEthical statement

The research described in this letter was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the local Ethics Committee (approval number 765_2022). Given the retrospective design and the exclusive use of de-identified clinical data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived.

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Federica Marelli: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – original draft. Alessia Galli: Data curation, Investigation, Writing – original draft. Giada Ruggi: Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing. Filippo Binda: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – review & editing.

Funding

None.

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Filippo Binda serves as Associate-Editor for Intensive & Critical Care Nursing and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article.

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