Sims NA, Gooi JH (2008) Bone remodeling: multiple cellular interactions required for coupling of bone formation and resorption. Semin Cell Dev Biol 19:444–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcdb.2008.07.016

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Park D, Spencer JA, Koh BI, Kobayashi T, Fujisaki J, Clemens TL, Lin CP, Kronenberg HM, Scadden DT (2012) Endogenous bone marrow MSCs are dynamic, fate-restricted participants in bone maintenance and regeneration. Cell Stem Cell 10:259–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2012.02.003

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Parfitt AM (1994) Osteonal and hemi-osteonal remodeling: the spatial and temporal framework for signal traffic in adult human bone. J Cell Biochem 55:273–286. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240550303

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Friedenstein AJ, Petrakova KV, Kurolesova AI, Frolova GP (1968) Heterotopic of bone marrow. Analysis of precursor cells for osteogenic and hematopoietic tissues. Transplantation 6:230–247

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Friedenstein AJ, Chailakhjan RK, Lalykina KS (1970) The development of fibroblast colonies in monolayer cultures of guinea-pig bone marrow and spleen cells. Cell Tissue Kinet 3:393–403

PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Pittenger MF, Mackay AM, Beck SC, Jaiswal RK, Douglas R, Mosca JD, Moorman MA, Simonetti DW, Craig S, Marshak DR (1999) Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells. Science 284:143–147. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.284.5411.143

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Caplan AI (1991) Mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Res 9:641–650. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.1100090504

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Horwitz EM, Le Blanc K, Dominici M, Mueller I, Slaper-Cortenbach I, Marini FC, Deans RJ, Krause DS, Keating A, International Society for Cellular T (2005) Clarification of the nomenclature for MSC: the International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement. Cytotherapy 7:393–395. https://doi.org/10.1080/14653240500319234

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Bianco RP (2004) Skeletal stem cells. In: de Lanza RP (ed) Handbook of adult and fetal stem cells. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 415–425

Chapter  Google Scholar 

Tartaglia LA, Dembski M, Weng X, Deng N, Culpepper J, Devos R, Richards GJ, Campfield LA, Clark FT, Deeds J, Muir C, Sanker S, Moriarty A, Moore KJ, Smutko JS, Mays GG, Wool EA, Monroe CA, Tepper RI (1995) Identification and expression cloning of a leptin receptor, OB-R. Cell 83:1263–1271. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(95)90151-5

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Myers MG, Cowley MA, Munzberg H (2008) Mechanisms of leptin action and leptin resistance. Annu Rev Physiol 70:537–556. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.113006.100707

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Moore KA, Lemischka IR (2006) Stem cells and their niches. Science 311:1880–1885. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1110542

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Schofield R (1978) The relationship between the spleen colony-forming cell and the haemopoietic stem cell. Blood Cells 4:7–25

PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zhang J, Niu C, Ye L, Huang H, He X, Tong WG, Ross J, Haug J, Johnson T, Feng JQ, Harris S, Wiedemann LM, Mishina Y, Li L (2003) Identification of the haematopoietic stem cell niche and control of the niche size. Nature 425:836–841. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02041

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Calvi LM, Adams GB, Weibrecht KW, Weber JM, Olson DP, Knight MC, Martin RP, Schipani E, Divieti P, Bringhurst FR, Milner LA, Kronenberg HM, Scadden DT (2003) Osteoblastic cells regulate the haematopoietic stem cell niche. Nature 425:841–846. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02040

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Arai F, Hirao A, Ohmura M, Sato H, Matsuoka S, Takubo K, Ito K, Koh GY, Suda T (2004) Tie2/angiopoietin-1 signaling regulates hematopoietic stem cell quiescence in the bone marrow niche. Cell 118:149–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2004.07.004

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kiel MJ, Yilmaz OH, Iwashita T, Yilmaz OH, Terhorst C, Morrison SJ (2005) SLAM family receptors distinguish hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and reveal endothelial niches for stem cells. Cell 121:1109–1121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2005.05.026

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kiel MJ, Radice GL, Morrison SJ (2007) Lack of evidence that hematopoietic stem cells depend on N-cadherin-mediated adhesion to osteoblasts for their maintenance. Cell Stem Cell 1:204–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2007.06.001

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kiel MJ, He S, Ashkenazi R, Gentry SN, Teta M, Kushner JA, Jackson TL, Morrison SJ (2007) Haematopoietic stem cells do not asymmetrically segregate chromosomes or retain BrdU. Nature 449:238–242. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06115

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kiel MJ, Acar M, Radice GL, Morrison SJ (2009) Hematopoietic stem cells do not depend on N-cadherin to regulate their maintenance. Cell Stem Cell 4:170–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2008.10.005

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ara T, Tokoyoda K, Sugiyama T, Egawa T, Kawabata K, Nagasawa T (2003) Long-term hematopoietic stem cells require stromal cell-derived factor-1 for colonizing bone marrow during ontogeny. Immunity 19:257–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1074-7613(03)00201-2

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Omatsu Y, Sugiyama T, Kohara H, Kondoh G, Fujii N, Kohno K, Nagasawa T (2010) The essential functions of adipo-osteogenic progenitors as the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell niche. Immunity 33:387–399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2010.08.017

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mendez-Ferrer S, Michurina TV, Ferraro F, Mazloom AR, Macarthur BD, Lira SA, Scadden DT, Ma’ayan A, Enikolopov GN, Frenette PS (2010) Mesenchymal and haematopoietic stem cells form a unique bone marrow niche. Nature 466:829–834. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09262

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Ding L, Saunders TL, Enikolopov G, Morrison SJ (2012) Endothelial and perivascular cells maintain haematopoietic stem cells. Nature 481:457–462. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10783

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Zhou BO, Yue R, Murphy MM, Peyer JG, Morrison SJ (2014) Leptin-receptor-expressing mesenchymal stromal cells represent the main source of bone formed by adult bone marrow. Cell Stem Cell 15:154–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2014.06.008

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Mizoguchi T, Pinho S, Ahmed J, Kunisaki Y, Hanoun M, Mendelson A, Ono N, Kronenberg HM, Frenette PS (2014) Osterix marks distinct waves of primitive and definitive stromal progenitors during bone marrow development. Dev Cell 29:340–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2014.03.013

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Omatsu Y, Seike M, Sugiyama T, Kume T, Nagasawa T (2014) Foxc1 is a critical regulator of haematopoietic stem/progenitor cell niche formation. Nature 508:536–540. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13071

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kunisaki Y, Bruns I, Scheiermann C, Ahmed J, Pinho S, Zhang D, Mizoguchi T, Wei Q, Lucas D, Ito K, Mar JC, Bergman A, Frenette PS (2013) Arteriolar niches maintain haematopoietic stem cell