Sbaraglia M, Bellan E, Dei Tos AP. The 2020 WHO classification of soft tissue tumours: news and perspectives. Pathologica. 2021;113:70–84.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chhabra A, Soldatos T. Soft-tissue lesions: when can we exclude sarcoma? AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012;199:1345–57.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chhabra A, Garner HW, Rehman M, Chalian M, Subhawong T, Ahlawat S, Motamedi K, Wu J, Amini B, Bajaj G, Samet J, Ramachandran S, Havranek M, Xi Y, Fanburg-Smith J, Choi E, Morris C, Murphey M. Soft tissue-RADS: an ACR work-in-progress framework for standardized reporting of soft-tissue lesions on MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2025. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.25.34013.

Ray-Coquard I, Montesco MC, Coindre JM, et al. Sarcoma: concordance between initial diagnosis and centralized expert review in a population-based study within three European regions. Ann Oncol. 2012;23:2442–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Inarejos Clemente EJ, Moreno Romo D, Barber I, Ladera Gonzalez E, Navarro OM. Tenosynovial giant cell tumor and its differential diagnosis in children. Pediatr Radiol. 2025;55(10):1992–2008. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-025-06338-8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Crombé A, Marcellin PJ, Buy X, et al. Soft-tissue sarcomas: assessment of MRI features correlating with histologic grade and patient outcome. Radiology. 2019;291(3):710–21.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Noebauer-Huhmann IM, Vanhoenacker FM, Vilanova JC et al. Soft tissue tumor imaging in adults: whole-body staging in sarcoma, non-malignant entities requiring special algorithms, pitfalls and special imaging aspects. Guidelines 2024 from the European Society of Musculoskeletal Radiology (ESSR). Eur Radiol. 2025;35(1):351–359.

Klein WM, Papaioannou G. Magnetic resonance imaging of fetal vascular malformations. Pediatr Radiol. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-024-05983-9.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rahmani G, McCarthy P, Bergin D. The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for soft tissue lipomas: a systematic review. Acta Radiol Open. 2017;6:2058460117716704.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Heiken JP, Lee JK, Smathers RL, Totty WG, Murphy WA. CT of benign soft-tissue masses of the extremities. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1984;142:575–80.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Younan Y, Martinez A, Reimer N, et al. Combined classical spindle cell/pleomorphic lipoma spectrum imaging and clinical data. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47:51–9.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jelinek JS, Wu A, Wallace M, et al. Imaging of spindle cell lipoma. Clin Radiol. 2020;75:396.e15–96.e21.

Kirwadi A, Abdul-Halim R, Fernando M, Highland A, Kotnis N. MR imaging features of spindle cell lipoma. Skelet Radiol. 2014;43:191–6.

Article  Google Scholar 

Fanburg-Smith JC, Devaney KO, Miettinen M, Weiss SW. Multiple spindle cell lipomas: a report of 7 familial and 11 nonfamilial cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1998;22(1):40–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rajput S, Alsubaie SA, Singh K, Huang TC, Moran SL. Lipoblastoma of the extremities. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2022;75:3761–7.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kransdorf MJ, Larsen BT, Goulding KA, Cumsky JL, Hwang S, Long JR. Angiolipoma: a review of 778 lesions in 344 patients. Skelet Radiol. 2023;52:541–52.

Article  Google Scholar 

Lee JC, Gupta A, Saifuddin A, et al. Hibernoma: MRI features in eight consecutive cases. Clin Radiol. 2006;61:1029–34.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Furlong MA, Fanburg-Smith JC, Miettinen M. The morphologic spectrum of hibernoma: a clinicopathologic study of 170 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 2001;25(6):809–14.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

London J, Kim EE, Wallace S, Shirkhoda A, Coan J, Evans H. MR imaging of liposarcomas: correlation of MR features and histology. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1989;13:832–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Wortman JR, Tirumani SH, Jagannathan JP, et al. Primary extremity liposarcoma: MRI features, histopathology, and clinical outcomes. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2016;40:791–8.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Doyle AJ, Pang AK, Miller MV, French JG. Magnetic resonance imaging of lipoma and atypical lipomatous tumour/well-differentiated liposarcoma: observer performance using T1-weighted and fluid-sensitive MRI. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2008;52(1):44–8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1673.2007.01910.x.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ipponi E, Di Lonardo M, Bechini E, et al. Giant atypical lipomatous tumors of the thigh: a case series. Acta Biomed. 2023;94:e2023202.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cairncross L, Snow HA, Strauss DC, et al. Diagnostic performance of MRI and histology in assessment of deep lipomatous tumours. Br J Surg. 2019;106:1794–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fanburg-Smith JC, Miettinen M. Liposarcoma with meningothelial-like whorls: a study of 17 cases of a distinctive histological pattern associated with dedifferentiated liposarcoma. Histopathology. 1998;33(5):414–24.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Visgauss JD, Wilson DA, Perrin DL, et al. Staging and surveillance of myxoid liposarcoma: follow-up assessment and the metastatic pattern of 169 patients suggests inadequacy of current practice standards. Ann Surg Oncol. 2021;28:7903–11.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Saifuddin A, Andrei V, Rajakulasingam R, Oliveira I, Seddon B. Magnetic resonance imaging of trunk and extremity myxoid liposarcoma: diagnosis, staging, and response to treatment. Skeletal Radiol. 2021;50:1963–80.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gorelik N, Reddy SMV, Turcotte RE, et al. Early detection of metastases using whole-body MRI for initial staging and routine follow-up of myxoid liposarcoma. Skeletal Radiol. 2018;47:369–79.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Murphey MD, Arcara LK, Fanburg-Smith J. From the archives of the AFIP: imaging of musculoskeletal liposarcoma with radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics. 2005;25(5):1371–95. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.255055106.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Coyle J, White LM, Dickson B, Ferguson P, Wunder J, Naraghi A. MRI characteristics of nodular fasciitis of the musculoskeletal system. Skeletal Radiol. 2013;42:975–82.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gan S, Xie D, Dai H, et al. Proliferative myositis and nodular fasciitis: a retrospective study with clinicopathologic and radiologic correlation. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2019;12:4319–28.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ilaslan H, Joyce M, Bauer T, Sundaram M. Decubital ischemic fasciitis: clinical, pathologic, and MRI features of pseudosarcoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006;187:1338–41.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Fox MG, Kransdorf MJ, Bancroft LW, Peterson JJ, Flemming DJ. MR imaging of fibroma of the tendon sheath. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2003;180:1449–53.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Kresse ME, Kransdorf MJ, Fox MG, Flug JA, Long JR, Murphey MD. Desmoplastic fibroblastoma: an uncommon tumor with a relatively characteristic MRI appearance. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2020;215:178–83.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Battaglia M, Vanel D, Pollastri P, et al. Imaging patterns in elastofibroma dorsi. Eur J Radiol. 2009;72:16–21.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Pena-Burgos EM, Iglesias-Urraca C, Gonzalez-Garcia MC, et al. Calcifying aponeurotic fibroma: radiologic-pathologic analysis of ten cases and review of the literature. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2022;61:152056.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sedaghat S, Schmitz F, Sedaghat M, Nicolas V. Appearance of recurrent dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in postoperative MRI follow-up. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2020;73:1960–5.

Article  PubMed  Google Scho