Venous thromboembolic events increase the risk of chronic morbidity as well as acute mortality. While the incidence of thrombotic disorders is low, intrinsic as well as transient patient risk factors can lead to increased risk of events. Preventive strategies can reduce these risks, but also expose patients to bleeding and other complications. Therefore, preventive strategies should balance the reduction in thrombotic risks with increased bleeding risks. This study will review factors that influence thrombotic risks, medical thromboprophylaxis strategies, and the use of IVC filters to prevent pulmonary emboli.