Ashizawa R, Rubio N, Letcher S, Parkinson A, Dmitruczyk V, Kaplan DL (2022) Entomoculture: a preliminary techno-economic assessment. Foods 11(19):3037. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11193037

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Battu JR, Somala K, Gummudala Y, Morthala SSR, Ramappa K, Gadde A, Negi N (2023) Insect cell culture vis-à-vis insect pest control. Egypt J Biol Pest Control 33(1):80. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00724-w

Article  Google Scholar 

Becker A, Schlöder P, Steele JE, Wegener G (1996) The regulation of trehalose metabolism in insects. Experientia 52(5):433–439. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01919312

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Calles K, Eriksson U, Häggström L (2006) Effect of conditioned medium factors on productivity and cell physiology in Trichoplusia ni insect cell cultures. Biotechnol Prog 22(3):653–659. https://doi.org/10.1021/bp050252+

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cho Y, Cho S (2019) Hemocyte-hemocyte adhesion by granulocytes is associated with cellular immunity in the cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus. Sci Rep 9(1):18066. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-54484-5

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Cox MMJ, Hollister JR (2009) FluBlok, a next generation influenza vaccine manufactured in insect cells. Biologicals 37(3):182–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biologicals.2009.02.014

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Donoughe S, Extavour CG (2016) Embryonic development of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. Dev Biol 411(1):140–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ydbio.2015.04.009

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dossey AT, Oppert B, Chu F-C, Lorenzen MD, Scheffler B, Simpson S, Koren S, Johnston JS, Kataoka K, Ide K (2023) Genome and genetic engineering of the house cricket (Acheta domesticus): a resource for sustainable agriculture. Biomolecules 13(4):589. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13040589

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Dossey AT, Tatum JT, McGill WL (2016) ‘Chapter 5 - Modern Insect-Based Food Industry: Current Status, Insect Processing Technology, and Recommendations Moving Forward. In: Dossey AT, Morales-Ramos JA, Rojas MG (eds) Insects as Sustainable Food Ingredients. San Diego: Academic Press, pp 113–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-802856-8.00005-3

Drugmand J-C, Schneider Y-J, Agathos SN (2012) Insect cells as factories for biomanufacturing. Biotechnol Adv 30(5):1140–1157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.09.014

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Felberbaum RS (2015) The baculovirus expression vector system: a commercial manufacturing platform for viral vaccines and gene therapy vectors. Biotechnol J 10(5):702–714. https://doi.org/10.1002/biot.201400438

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Granados RR, Guoxun L, Derksen ACG, McKenna KA (1994) A new insect cell line from Trichoplusia ni (BTI-Tn-5B1-4) susceptible to Trichoplusia ni single enveloped nuclear polyhedrosis virus. J Invertebr Pathol 64(3):260–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-2011(94)90400-6

Article  Google Scholar 

Hayflick L (1965) The limited in vitro lifetime of human diploid cell strains. Exp Cell Res 37(3):614–636. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-4827(65)90211-9

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

He X, Lu L, Huang P, Yu B, Peng L, Zou L, Ren Y (2023) Insect cell-based models: cell line establishment and application in insecticide screening and toxicology research. Insects 14(2):104. https://doi.org/10.3390/insects14020104

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hernández-Crespo P, Lopez-Blachere C, Bergoin M, Quiot JM (2000) Establishment of two new orthopteran cell lines. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol - Anim 36(9):559–562. https://doi.org/10.1290/1071-2690(2000)036%3c0559:EOTNOC%3e2.0.CO;2

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Larouche J, Campbell B, Hénault-Éthier L, Banks IJ, Tomberlin JK, Preyer C, Deschamps M-H, Vandenberg GW (2023) The edible insect sector in Canada and the United States. Animal Frontiers: the Review Magazine of Animal Agriculture 13(4):16–25. https://doi.org/10.1093/af/vfad047

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Letcher SM, Calkins OP, Clausi HJ, McCreary A, Trimmer BA, Kaplan DL (2025) Establishment & characterization of a non-adherent insect cell line for cultivated meat. Sci Rep 15(1):7850. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-86921-z

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Letcher SM, Rubio NR, Ashizawa RN, Saad MK, Rittenberg ML, McCreary A, Ali A, Calkins OP, Trimmer BA, Kaplan DL (2022) In vitro insect fat cultivation for cellular agriculture applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 8(9):3785–3796. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00093

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Liceaga AM (2022) Edible insects, a valuable protein source from ancient to modern times. Adv Food Nutr Res 101:129–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.04.002

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lynn DE (2016) Lepidopteran insect cell line isolation from insect tissue. In: Murhammer DW (ed) Baculovirus and insect cell expression protocols. Springer, New York, pp 143–159. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3043-2_7

Ma C, Li X, Ding W, Zhang X, Chen H, Feng Y (2023) Effects of hTERT transfection on the telomere and telomerase of Periplaneta americana cells in vitro. AMB Express 13(1):118. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-023-01624-w

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Malaterre J, Strambi C, Aouane A, Strambi A, Rougon G, Cayre M (2003) Effect of hormones and growth factors on the proliferation of adult cricket neural progenitor cells in vitro. J Neurobiol 56(4):387–397. https://doi.org/10.1002/neu.10244

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Munderloh UG, Kurtti TJ, Liu Y, Chen C (1994) ‘Grasshopper Cell Culture’, in Maramorosch, K., Arthropod Cell Culture Systems. CRC Press, pp 53–63. Available at: https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=0mUIEQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA51&dq=Munderloh+et+al.,+1994+Melanoplus+sanguinipes&ots=3aq38akgzU&sig=K1m4RY3tPXZFwsBxJsyoVu6veig#v=onepage&q&f=false. Accessed 26 May 2025

Omuse ER, Tonnang HEZ, Yusuf AA, Machekano H, Egonyu JP, Kimathi E, Mohamed SF, Kassie M, Subramanian S, Onditi J, Mwangi S, Ekesi S, Niassy S (2024) The global atlas of edible insects: analysis of diversity and commonality contributing to food systems and sustainability. Sci Rep 14(1):5045. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-55603-7

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rogers SL, Rogers GC (2008) Culture of Drosophila S2 cells and their use for RNAi-mediated loss-of-function studies and immunofluorescence microscopy. Nat Protoc 3(4):606–611. https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2008.18

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Rubio NR, Fish KD, Trimmer BA, Kaplan DL (2019) Possibilities for engineered insect tissue as a food source. Front Sustain Food Syst. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsufs.2019.00024. Accessed Nov 14 2022

Schiller JT, Castellsagué X, Villa LL, Hildesheim A (2008) An update of prophylactic human papillomavirus L1 virus-like particle vaccine clinical trial results. Vaccine 26:K53–K61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.06.002

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shields G, Sang JH (1977) Improved medium for culture of Drosophila embryonic cells. Drosoph Inf Serv 52:161

Google Scholar 

Shirk BD, Rodriguez CZ, Pacheco MO, McTyer JB, Shirk PD, Stoppel WL (2026) Enhancing CRISPR homology directed repair in IAL-PiD2 insect cells via reagent delivery optimization and cell synchronization. Biochem Eng J 225:109906. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2025.109906

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sogari G, Riccioli F, Moruzzo R, Menozzi D, Tzompa Sosa DA, Li J, Liu A, Mancini S (2023) Engaging in entomophagy: the role of food neophobia and disgust between insect and non-insect eaters. Food Qual Prefer 104:104764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2022.104764

Article  Google Scholar 

Summers MD, Smith GE (1987) A Manual of methods for baculovirus vectors and insect cell culture procedures.’ Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/145892. Accessed: 6 June 2025

Tanga CM, Ekesi S (2024) Dietary and therapeutic benefits of edible insects: a global perspective. Annu Rev Entomol 69:303–331.