Jacobson DL, Gange SJ, Rose NR, Graham NM (1997) Epidemiology and estimated population burden of selected autoimmune diseases in the United States. Clin Immunol Immunopathol 84:223–243. https://doi.org/10.1006/clin.1997.4412
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Eaton WW, Rose NR, Kalaydjian A, Pedersen MG, Mortensen PB (2007) Epidemiology of autoimmune diseases in Denmark. J Autoimmun 29:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2007.05.002
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Wang L, Wang FS, Gershwin ME (2015) Human autoimmune diseases: a comprehensive update. J Intern Med 278:369–395. https://doi.org/10.1111/joim.12395
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Xu Y, Wang X, Hu Z, Huang R, Yang G, Wang R et al (2024) Advances in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for autoimmune diseases. Heliyon 10:e39302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39302
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ledford H (2025) Woman in cancer remission for record 19 years after CAR-T immune treatment. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-00507-3
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Roberts MR, Qin L, Zhang D, Smith DH, Tran AC, Dull TJ et al (1994) Targeting of human immunodeficiency virus-infected cells by CD8 + T lymphocytes armed with universal T-cell receptors. Blood 84:2878–2889
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Maldini CR, Ellis GI, Riley JL (2018) CAR T cells for infection, autoimmunity and allotransplantation. Nat Rev Immunol 18 :605 – 16. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-018-0042-2
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Barrett DM, Grupp SA, June CH (2015) Chimeric Antigen Receptor- and TCR-Modified T Cells Enter Main Street and Wall Street. J Immunol 195:755–761. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1500751
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Cappell KM, Kochenderfer JN (2023) Long-term outcomes following CAR T cell therapy: what we know so far. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 20:359–371. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-023-00754-1
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Lee A (2025) Obecabtagene Autoleucel: First Approval Mol Diagn Ther. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40291-025-00771-z
Passweg JR, Baldomero H, Atlija M, Kleovoulou I, Witaszek A, Alexander T et al (2025) The 2023 EBMT report on hematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapies. Increased use of allogeneic HCT for myeloid malignancies and of CAR-T at the expense of autologous HCT. Bone Marrow Transpl 60:519–528. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41409-025-02524-2
Davenport AJ, Jenkins MR, Cross RS, Yong CS, Prince HM, Ritchie DS et al (2015) CAR-T Cells inflict sequential killing of multiple tumor target cells. Cancer Immunol Res 3:483–494. https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-15-0048
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Darcy PK, Haynes NM, Snook MB, Trapani JA, Cerruti L, Jane SM et al (2000) Redirected perforin-dependent lysis of colon carcinoma by ex vivo genetically engineered CTL. J Immunol 164:3705–3712. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.164.7.3705
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Haynes NM, Trapani JA, Teng MW, Jackson JT, Cerruti L, Jane SM et al (2002) Rejection of syngeneic colon carcinoma by CTLs expressing single-chain antibody receptors codelivering CD28 costimulation. J Immunol 169:5780–5786. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.169.10.5780
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Hong LK, Chen Y, Smith CC, Montgomery SA, Vincent BG, Dotti G et al (2018) CD30-Redirected Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Target CD30(+) and CD30(-) Embryonal Carcinoma via Antigen-Dependent and Fas/FasL Interactions. Cancer Immunol Res 6:1274–1287. https://doi.org/10.1158/2326-6066.Cir-18-0065
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Eshhar Z, Waks T, Gross G, Schindler DG (1993) Specific activation and targeting of cytotoxic lymphocytes through chimeric single chains consisting of antibody-binding domains and the gamma or zeta subunits of the immunoglobulin and T-cell receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 90:720–724. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.2.720
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Maher J, Brentjens RJ, Gunset G, Rivière I, Sadelain M (2002) Human T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity and proliferation directed by a single chimeric TCRzeta /CD28 receptor. Nat Biotechnol 20:70–75. https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt0102-70
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Gross G, Waks T, Eshhar Z (1989) Expression of immunoglobulin-T-cell receptor chimeric molecules as functional receptors with antibody-type specificity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 86:10024–10028. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.86.24.10024
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Imai C, Mihara K, Andreansky M, Nicholson IC, Pui CH, Geiger TL et al (2004) Chimeric receptors with 4-1BB signaling capacity provoke potent cytotoxicity against acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 18:676–684. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.leu.2403302
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Guedan S, Posey AD Jr., Shaw C, Wing A, Da T, Patel PR et al (2018) Enhancing CAR T cell persistence through ICOS and 4-1BB costimulation. JCI Insight 3 https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.96976
Glienke W, Dragon AC, Zimmermann K, Martyniszyn-Eiben A, Mertens M, Abken H et al (2022) GMP-Compliant Manufacturing of TRUCKs: CAR T Cells targeting GD(2) and Releasing Inducible IL-18. Front Immunol 13:839783. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.839783
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kagoya Y, Tanaka S, Guo T, Anczurowski M, Wang CH, Saso K et al (2018) A novel chimeric antigen receptor containing a JAK-STAT signaling domain mediates superior antitumor effects. Nat Med 24:352–359. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.4478
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Smith MR (2003) Rituximab (monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody): mechanisms of action and resistance. Oncogene 22:7359–7368. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1206939
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Audia S, Samson M, Guy J, Janikashvili N, Fraszczak J, Trad M et al (2011) Immunologic effects of rituximab on the human spleen in immune thrombocytopenia. Blood 118:4394–4400. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2011-03-344051
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Thurlings RM, Vos K, Wijbrandts CA, Zwinderman AH, Gerlag DM, Tak PP (2008) Synovial tissue response to rituximab: mechanism of action and identification of biomarkers of response. Ann Rheum Dis 67:917–925. https://doi.org/10.1136/ard.2007.080960
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Rehnberg M, Amu S, Tarkowski A, Bokarewa MI, Brisslert M (2009) Short- and long-term effects of anti-CD20 treatment on B cell ontogeny in bone marrow of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 11:R123. https://doi.org/10.1186/ar2789
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Tur C, Eckstein M, Velden J, Rauber S, Bergmann C, Auth J et al (2025) CD19-CAR T-cell therapy induces deep tissue depletion of B cells. Ann Rheum Dis 84:106–114. https://doi.org/10.1136/ard-2024-226142
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Uppin V, Gibbons H, Troje M, Feinberg D, Webber BR, Moriarity BS et al (2025) CAR-T cell targeting three receptors on autoreactive B cells for systemic lupus erythematosus therapy. J Autoimmun 151:103369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2025.103369
Comments (0)