Zhang W, Bai Y, Sun C, et al. Racial and regional disparities of triple negative breast cancer incidence rates in the United States: an analysis of 2011–2019 NPCR and SEER incidence data. Front Public Health. 2022;10:1058722.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Punie K, Kurian AW, Ntalla I et al. Unmet need for previously untreated metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: a real-world study of patients diagnosed from 2011 to 2022 in the United States. Oncologist 30, 2025.
Grinda T, Antoine A, Jacot W, et al. Evolution of overall survival and receipt of new therapies by subtype among 20 446 metastatic breast cancer patients in the 2008–2017 ESME cohort. ESMO Open. 2021;6:100114.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hsu JY, Chang CJ, Cheng JS. Survival, treatment regimens and medical costs of women newly diagnosed with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Sci Rep. 2022;12:729.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Celik A, Berg T, Jensen MB, et al. Real-world survival and treatment regimens across first- to third-line treatment for advanced triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer (Auckl). 2023;17:11782234231203292.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Hammerl D, Martens JWM, Timmermans M, et al. Spatial immunophenotypes predict response to anti-PD1 treatment and capture distinct paths of T cell evasion in triple negative breast cancer. Nat Commun. 2021;12:5668.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Couch FJ, Hart SN, Sharma P, et al. Inherited mutations in 17 breast cancer susceptibility genes among a large triple-negative breast cancer cohort unselected for family history of breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33:304–11.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Tutt ANJ, Garber JE, Kaufman B, et al. Adjuvant Olaparib for Patients with BRCA1- or BRCA2-Mutated Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2021;384:2394–405.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Litton JK, Rugo HS, Ettl J, et al. Talazoparib in patients with advanced breast cancer and a germline BRCA mutation. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:753–63.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Wood SJ, Gao Y, Lee JH, et al. High tumor infiltrating lymphocytes are significantly associated with pathological complete response in triple negative breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant KEYNOTE-522 chemoimmunotherapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2024;205:193–9.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Loi S, Salgado R, Schmid P, et al. Association Between Biomarkers and Clinical Outcomes of Pembrolizumab Monotherapy in Patients With Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: KEYNOTE-086 Exploratory Analysis. JCO Precis Oncol. 2023;7:e2200317.
Bardia A, Hurvitz SA, Tolaney SM, et al. Sacituzumab Govitecan in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2021;384:1529–41.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Modi S, Jacot W, Yamashita T, et al. Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Previously Treated HER2-Low Advanced Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:9–20.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Cortes J, Rugo HS, Cescon DW, et al. Pembrolizumab plus Chemotherapy in Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2022;387:217–26.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®): Breast Cancer. Version 2.2026.
Tolaney SM, de Azambuja E, Kalinsky K, et al. Sacituzumab Govitecan plus Pembrolizumab for Advanced Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2026;394:354–66.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Schmid P, Oliveira M, O’Shaughnessy J, et al. TROPION-Breast05: a randomized phase III study of Dato-DXd with or without durvalumab versus chemotherapy plus pembrolizumab in patients with PD-L1-high locally recurrent inoperable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2025;17:17588359251327992.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Danziger N, Sokol ES, Graf RP, et al. Variable Landscape of PD-L1 Expression in Breast Carcinoma as Detected by the DAKO 22C3 Immunohistochemistry Assay. Oncologist. 2023;28:319–26.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Cortes J, Punie K, Barrios C, et al. Sacituzumab govitecan in untreated, advanced triple-negative breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2025;393:1912–25.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Dent RA, Cescon DW, Bachelot T, et al. TROPION-Breast02: datopotamab deruxtecan for locally recurrent inoperable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Future Oncol. 2023;19:2349–59.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Dent RA, Shao Z, Schmid P, et al. LBA21 first-line (1L) datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) vs chemotherapy in patients with locally recurrent inoperable or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) for whom immunotherapy was not an option: primary results from the randomised, phase III TROPION-Breast02 trial. Ann Oncol. 2025;36:S1566–7.
Robson ME, Im SA, Senkus E, et al. OlympiAD extended follow-up for overall survival and safety: olaparib versus chemotherapy treatment of physician’s choice in patients with a germline BRCA mutation and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2023;184:39–47.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Jiang K, Wang S. Advances in antibody-drug conjugates in the treatment of advanced triple-negative breast cancer: a narrative review. Transl Breast Cancer Res. 2025;6:9.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Ogitani Y, Hagihara K, Oitate M, et al. Bystander killing effect of DS-8201a, a novel anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 antibody-drug conjugate, in tumors with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 heterogeneity. Cancer Sci. 2016;107:1039–46.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Wang Y, Cheng X, Li X, et al. Bystander effect in antibody-drug conjugates: navigating the fine line in tumor heterogeneity. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2025;216:104979.
Modi S, Salgado R, Guarneri V et al. Abstract PO2-19-06: An Open-label, Interventional, Multicenter Study of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan Monotherapy in Patients With Unresectable and/or Metastatic HER2-Low or HER2 Immunohistochemistry 0 Breast Cancer: DESTINY-Breast15. Cancer Res 84:PO2-19-06-PO2-19-06, 2024.
Zeng P, Chen MB, Zhou LN, et al. Impact of TROP2 expression on prognosis in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2016;6:33658.
Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Cardillo TM, Govindan SV, Sharkey RM, et al. Sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132), an anti-Trop-2/SN-38 antibody-drug conjugate: characterization and efficacy in pancreatic, gastric, and other cancers. Bioconjug Chem. 2015;26:919–31.
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Shastry M, Jacob S, Rugo HS, et al. Antibody-drug conjugates targeting TROP-2: clinical development in metastatic breast cancer. Breast. 2022;66:169–77.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Schmid P, Wang HC, Lynce F, et al. 555MO datopotamab deruxtecan (Dato-DXd) + durvalumab (D) as first-line (1L) treatment (tx) for unresectable locally advanced/metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (a/mTNBC): final results from the phase Ib/II BEGONIA study. Ann Oncol. 2025;36:S413–4.
Sharma P, Stecklein SR, Yoder R, et al. Clinical and biomarker findings of neoadjuvant pembrolizumab and carboplatin plus docetaxel in triple-negative breast cancer: NeoPACT phase 2 clinical trial. JAMA Oncol. 2024;10:227–35.
Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Emens LA, Molinero L, Loi S, et al. Atezolizumab and nab-Paclitaxel in advanced triple-negative breast cancer: biomarker evaluation of the IMpassion130 study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2021;113:1005–16.
Comments (0)