Lees AJ, Hardy J, Revesz T (2009) Parkinson’s disease. Lancet 373:2055–2066. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60492-X

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Warner TT, Schapira AHV (2003) Genetic and environmental factors in the cause of parkinson’s disease. Ann Neurol 53:S16–S25. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.10487

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Paisán-Ruı́z C, Jain S, Evans EW et al (2004) Cloning of the gene containing mutations that cause PARK8-Linked parkinson’s disease. Neuron 44:595–600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2004.10.023

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zimprich A, Biskup S, Leitner P et al (2004) Mutations in LRRK2 cause Autosomal-Dominant parkinsonism with pleomorphic pathology. Neuron 44:601–607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2004.11.005

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mata IF, Wedemeyer WJ, Farrer MJ et al (2006) LRRK2 in parkinson’s disease: protein domains and functional insights. Trends Neurosci 29:286–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tins.2006.03.006

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Cookson MR (2010) The role of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) in parkinson’s disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 11:791–797. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2935

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lee JH, Han J, Kim H et al (2019) Parkinson’s disease-associated LRRK2-G2019S mutant acts through regulation of SERCA activity to control ER stress in astrocytes. Acta Neuropathol Commun 7:68. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40478-019-0716-4

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lin C-H, Tsai P-I, Wu R-M, Chien C-T (2010) LRRK2 G2019S mutation induces dendrite degeneration through mislocalization and phosphorylation of Tau by recruiting autoactivated GSK3β. J Neurosci 30:13138–13149. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1737-10.2010

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Walter J, Bolognin S, Poovathingal SK et al (2021) The Parkinson’s-disease-associated mutation LRRK2-G2019S alters dopaminergic differentiation dynamics via NR2F1. Cell Rep 37:109864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109864

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Correia Guedes L, Ferreira JJ, Rosa MM et al (2010) Worldwide frequency of G2019S LRRK2 mutation in parkinson’s disease: A systematic review. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 16:237–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2009.11.004

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ross OA, Wu Y-R, Lee M-C et al (2008) Analysis of Lrrk2 R1628P as a risk factor for parkinson’s disease. Ann Neurol 64:88–92. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.21405

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Zhang P, Wang Q, Jiao F et al (2016) Association of LRRK2 R1628P variant with parkinson’s disease in ethnic Han-Chinese and subgroup population. Sci Rep 6:35171. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep35171

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Lu C-S, Wu-Chou Y-H, van Doeselaar M et al (2008) The LRRK2 Arg1628Pro variant is a risk factor for parkinson’s disease in the Chinese population. Neurogenetics 9:271–276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10048-008-0140-6

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Do MD, Tran TN, Luong AB et al (2023) Clinical and genetic analysis of Vietnamese patients diagnosed with early-onset parkinson’s disease. Brain Behav 13:e2950. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.2950

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sherry ST, Ward MH, Kholodov M et al (2001) DbSNP: the NCBI database of genetic variation. Nucleic Acids Res 29:308–311. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/29.1.308

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Postuma RB, Berg D, Stern M et al (2015) MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord 30:1591–1601. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.26424

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Le LHG, Mai TP (2025) Establishing ASO PCR protocol for identifying R1628P variant in LRRK2 gene. Vietnam Med J 71:201–204. https://doi.org/10.51298/vmj.v547i2.12990

Mai P-T, Le D-T, Nguyen T-T et al (2019) Novel GDAP1 mutation in a Vietnamese family with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Biomed Res Int 2019:7132494. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7132494

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Do MD, Pham DV, Le LP et al (2021) Recurrent PROC and novel PROS1 mutations in Vietnamese patients diagnosed with idiopathic deep venous thrombosis. Int J Lab Hematol 43:266–272. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijlh.13345

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Thao MP, Tuan PVA, Linh LGH et al (2018) Association of HLA-B∗38:02 with antithyroid drug-induced agranulocytosis in Kinh Vietnamese patients. Int J Endocrinol 2018:7965346. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7965346

Do MD, Mai TP, Do AD et al (2020) Risk factors for cutaneous reactions to allopurinol in Kinh vietnamese: results from a case-control study. Arthritis Res Therapy 22:182. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-020-02273-1

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Usmani A, Shavarebi F, Hiniker A (2021) The cell biology of LRRK2 in parkinson’s disease. Mol Cell Biol 41:e00660–e00620. https://doi.org/10.1128/MCB.00660-20

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Rui Q, Ni H, Li D et al (2018) The role of LRRK2 in neurodegeneration of Parkinson disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 16:1348–1357. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X16666180222165418

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Yoon J-H, Mo J-S, Kim M-Y et al (2017) LRRK2 functions as a scaffolding kinase of ASK1-mediated neuronal cell death. Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA) Mol Cell Res 1864:2356–2368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.09.001

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Y S, J M, P Z, et al (2016) Parkinson-Related LRRK2 mutation R1628P enables Cdk5 phosphorylation of LRRK2 and upregulates its kinase activity. PloS one 11:. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149739

Muda K, Bertinetti D, Gesellchen F et al (2014) Parkinson-related LRRK2 mutation R1441C/G/H impairs PKA phosphorylation of LRRK2 and disrupts its interaction with 14-3-3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 111:E34–43. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1312701111

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

West AB, Moore DJ, Choi C et al (2007) Parkinson’s disease-associated mutations in LRRK2 link enhanced GTP-binding and kinase activities to neuronal toxicity. Hum Mol Genet 16:223–232. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddl471

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Henry AG, Aghamohammadzadeh S, Samaroo H et al (2015) Pathogenic LRRK2 mutations, through increased kinase activity, produce enlarged lysosomes with reduced degradative capacity and increase ATP13A2 expression. Hum Mol Genet 24:6013–6028. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddv314

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Lange LM, Levine K, Fox SH et al (2025) The LRRK2 p.L1795F variant causes parkinson’s disease in the European population. Npj Parkinsons Dis 11:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-025-00896-2

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Kalogeropulou AF, Purlyte E, Tonelli F et al (2022) Impact of 100 LRRK2 variants linked to parkinson’s disease on kinase activity and microtubule binding. Biochem J 479:1759–1783. https://doi.org/10.1042/BCJ20220161

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Berg D, Schweitzer KJ, Leitner P et al (2005) Type and frequency of mutations in the LRRK2 gene in Familial and sporadic parkinson’s disease*. Brain 128:3000–3011. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awh666