Dell’Oglio P, Mottrie A, Mazzone E (2020) Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy vs. open radical prostatectomy: latest evidences on perioperative, functional and oncological outcomes. Curr Opin Urol 30(1):73–78

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Nahas WC, Rodrigues GJ, Rodrigues Gonçalves FA, Sawczyn GV, Barros GG, Cardili L et al (2024) Perioperative, Oncological, and functional outcomes between Robot-Assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy and open radical retropubic prostatectomy: A randomized clinical trial. J Urol 212(1):32–40

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Veerman H, Houwink API, Schutte PFE, Nieuwenhuijzen JA, Roeleveld TA, Wit E et al (2021) Intraoperative strategies to reduce Catheter-Related bladder discomfort in the early postoperative period after Robot-Assisted radical prostatectomy. J Urol 205(6):1671–1680

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Busby D, Sood A (2022) The goldilocks principle: when to remove Foley catheter after robotic radical prostatectomy. Transl Androl Urol 11(11):1477–1479

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Saint S, Trautner BW, Fowler KE, Colozzi J, Ratz D, Lescinskas E et al (2018) A multicenter study of Patient-Reported infectious and noninfectious complications associated with indwelling urethral catheters. JAMA Intern Med 178(8):1078–1085

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Niël-Weise BS, van den Broek PJ (2005) Urinary catheter policies for short-term bladder drainage in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev (3):CD004203

Tewari A, Rao S, Mandhani A (2008) Catheter-less robotic radical prostatectomy using a custom-made synchronous anastomotic splint and vesical urinary diversion device: report of the initial series and perioperative outcomes. BJU Int 102(8):1000–1004

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Engelsgjerd S, Kodres-O’Brien S, Choudhury E, Garijo BM, Mason JB, Kowalczyk KJ (2024) Outcomes and safety of suprapubic vs urethral catheterization following pelvic Fascia–Sparing robotic prostatectomy. Urol Pract 11(2):376–384

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bejrananda T, Takahara K, Sowanthip D, Motonaga T, Yagi K, Nakamura W et al (2023) Comparing pentafecta outcomes between nerve sparing and non nerve sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in a propensity score-matched study. Sci Rep 13(1):15835

Wan X, Wang W, Liu J, Tong T (2014) Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and/or interquartile range. BMC Med Res Methodol 14(1):135

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Sterne JA, Hernán MA, Reeves BC, Savović J, Berkman ND, Viswanathan M, et al (2016) ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions. BMJ [Internet] 355(355):i4919. https://www.bmj.com/content/355/bmj.i4919

Sterne JAC, Savović J, Page MJ, Elbers RG, Blencowe NS, Boutron I et al (2019) RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ 366:l4898

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Sterne J, Higgins J (2025) ROBINS-I V2 Nov 2025. ROBINS-I V2 tool

Stern C, Munn Z, Barker TH, Porritt K, Stone JC, Pap R et al (2024) Implementing GRADE in systematic reviews that adhere to JBI methodological conduct. JBI Evid Synth 22(3):351–358

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Krane LS, Bhandari M, Peabody JO, Menon M (2009) Impact of percutaneous suprapubic tube drainage on patient discomfort after radical prostatectomy. Eur Urol 56(2):325–330

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Harke NN, Wagner C, Liakos N, Urbanova K, Addali M, Hadaschik BA et al (2021) Superior early and long-term continence following early micturition on day 2 after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a randomized prospective trial. World J Urol 39(3):771–777

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Galfano A, Secco S, Dell’Oglio P, Rha K, Eden C, Fransis K et al (2021) Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: early learning curve experience in three continents. BJU Int 127(4):412–417

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Martinschek A, Pfalzgraf D, Rafail B, Ritter M, Heinrich E, Trojan L (2016) Transurethral versus suprapubic catheter at robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a prospective randomized trial with 1-year follow-up. World J Urol 34(3):407–411

Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Harke N, Godes M, Habibzada J, Urbanova K, Wagner C, Zecha H et al (2017) Postoperative patient comfort in suprapubic drainage versus transurethral catheterization following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a prospective randomized clinical trial. World J Urol 35(3):389–394

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Morgan MSC, Ozayar A, Friedlander JI, Shakir N, Antonelli JA, Bedir S et al (2016) An assessment of patient comfort and morbidity after Robot-Assisted radical prostatectomy with suprapubic tube versus urethral catheter drainage. J Endourol 30(3):300–305

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ralston C, Ibrahim I, Dutto L, Ahmad I (2025) Smooth recovery: Comparing urethral and suprapubic catheter drainage after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. J Clin Urol 19(1):63–68‌

Rosenberg JE, Jung JH, Edgerton Z, Lee H, Lee S, Bakker CJ et al (2020) Retzius-sparing versus standard robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy for the treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Reviews 2020:8

Google Scholar 

van der Slot MA, Remmers S, van Leenders GJLH, Busstra MB, Gan M, Klaver S et al (2023) Urinary incontinence and sexual function after the introduction of neurosafe in radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. Eur Urol Focus 9(5):824–831

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Yamashita K, Kijima Y, Sekido E, Nagasaka N, Inui M (2023) Predictors of Long-Term urinary incontinence after Robot-Assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. Res Rep Urol 15:387–393

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li Z, Li K, Wu W, Wang Q, Ma X, Lin C et al (2019) The comparison of transurethral versus suprapubic catheter after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Androl Urol 8(5):476–488

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li MX, Cheng P, Yao L, Li HJ, Xun YQ, Yan PJ et al (2019) Suprapubic tube compared with urethral catheter drainage after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Surg 42(1):71–80

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bertolo R, Tracey A, Dasgupta P, Rocco B, Micali S, Bianchi G et al (2018) Supra-pubic versus urethral catheter after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: systematic review of current evidence. World J Urol 36(9):1365–1372

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Jian Z, Feng S, Chen Y, Wei X, Luo D, Li H et al (2018) Suprapubic tube versus urethral catheter drainage after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Urol 18(1):1

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Prasad SM, Large MC, Patel AR, Famakinwa O, Galocy RM, Karrison T, Shalhav AL, Zagaja GP (2014) Early removal of urethral catheter with suprapubic tube drainage versus urethral catheter drainage alone after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. J Urol 192(1):89–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2014.01.004

Yang C-J, Ou Y-C, Yang C-K (2015) Percutaneous cystostomy drainage for early removing urethral catheter in robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: Improving on patients' discomfort. Urol Sci 26(4):240–242

Afzal MZ, Tobert CM, Bulica E, Noyes SL, Lane BR (2015) Modification of Technique for Suprapubic Catheter Placement After Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy Reduces Catheter-associated Complications. Urology 86(2):401–406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2015.02.078

Xu D, Yang Z, Qi J, Mundhenk J, Zanker P, Schwentner C, Lei Y (2021) Early urinary continence recovery following retzius-sparing robotic-assistant radical prostatectomy with suprapubic catheter: a short-term follow-up outcome. World J Urol 39(9):3251–3257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03643-3