Foodborne Parasites: Current Insights and Perspectives

Dietrich J, et al. Impact of climate change on foodborne infections and intoxications. J health Monit. 2023;8(Suppl 3):78.

PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shamsi S, Barton DP. Exploring the potential role of the genus Kudoa (Myxosporea: Kudoidae) as an emerging seafood-borne parasite in humans. Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2024;11(2):107–14.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Tabaripour R, et al. Global status of neglected human Linguatula infection: a systematic review of published case reports. Parasitol Res. 2021;120(9):3045–50.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Barton DP, Shamsi S. Diagnosis of pentastome infections and the need for increased awareness among medical practitioners and diagnosticians in the developed world. Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2024;11(2):79–87.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Pozio E. How globalization and climate change could affect foodborne parasites. Exp Parasitol. 2020;208:107807.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Gabriël S, et al. Foodborne parasites and their complex life cycles challenging food safety in different food chains. Foods. 2022;12(1):142.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Robertson LJ. Transmission of parasites to people via food: how can we determine their impact and why do we need to know? Food Waterborne Parasitol. 2025;e00258.

Dadios N, et al. Economic evidence for the control of meatborne parasites in Europe: a scoping review. Food Control. 2024;165:110659.

Article  Google Scholar 

Eslahi AV, et al. Unveiling risks in healthy food: Vegetables and fruits are linked to the distribution chain of protozoan parasites. Food Microbiol. 2024;123:104592.

Article  Google Scholar 

Robertson LJ, Lalle M, Paulsen P. Why we need a European focus on foodborne parasites. Exp Parasitol. 2020;214:107900.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Organization WH. Multicriteria-based ranking for risk management of food-borne parasites: report of a joint FAO/WHO expert meeting, 3–7 September 2012, FAO Headquarters, Rome, Italy. FAO, World Health Organization; 2014.

Dixon B et al. FAO expert meeting on microbiological risk assessment of protozoan parasites in foods. 2025.

Addy F et al. Summary report of the FAO expert meeting on the microbiological risk assessment of helminths in foods. Food Agric Organ UN. 2025;1–11. https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/7d362538-9142-4085-9b4a-665488951801/content

Chalmers RM, et al. Parasite detection in food: Current status and future needs for validation. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2020;99:337–50.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Matos O, Karanis P, Razakandrainibe R. Impact and control of food-and waterborne protozoan parasites. Front Media SA. 2024;1466883.

Organization WH. WHO foodborne disease burden epidemiology reference group for 2021–2024: second meeting report, 19 October-2 November 2021. World Health Organization; 2024.

Murray CJ, et al. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. lancet. 2012;380(9859):2197–223.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Torgerson PR, et al. World Health Organization estimates of the global and regional disease burden of 11 foodborne parasitic diseases, 2010: a data synthesis. PLoS Med. 2015;12(12):e1001920.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ortiz JB, et al. Foodborne helminthiasis. Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2024;11(3):153–65.

Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Hossain MS, et al. Food-and vector-borne parasitic zoonoses: global burden and impacts. Adv Parasitol. 2023;120:87–136.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Grace D. Burden of foodborne disease in low-income and middle-income countries and opportunities for scaling food safety interventions. Food Secur. 2023;15(6):1475–88.

Article  Google Scholar 

Organization WH. The future of food safety: transforming knowledge into action for people, economies and the environment: technical summary of the 2019 international food safety conferences. World Health Organization; 2020.

Organization WH. WHO estimates of the global burden of foodborne diseases: foodborne diseases in the WHO regions. World Health Organization; 2015.

Faour-Klingbeil D, Todd ECD. Prevention and control of foodborne diseases in Middle-East North African countries: Review of national control systems. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(1):70.

Article  Google Scholar 

Marín-García P-J, Planas N, Llobat L. Toxoplasma gondii in foods: prevalence, control, and safety. Foods. 2022;11(16):2542.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Al-Malki ES. Toxoplasmosis: stages of the protozoan life cycle and risk assessment in humans and animals for an enhanced awareness and an improved socio-economic status. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021;28(1):962–9.

Article  Google Scholar 

Symeonidou I, et al. A review of Toxoplasma gondii in animals in Greece: a foodborne pathogen of public health importance. Animals. 2023;13(15):2530.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Moratal S et al. Potential risk of three zoonotic protozoa (Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, and Toxoplasma gondii) transmission from fish consumption. Foods. 2020;9(12):1913.

Pehrson PO. Amoebiasis in a non-endemic country: epidemiology, presenting symptoms and diagnostic methods. Scand J Infect Dis. 1983;15(2):207–14.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dixon BR. Giardia duodenalis in humans and animals–Transmission and disease. Res Vet Sci. 2021;135:283–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Shaltout FA. Human Parasites in Relation to Contaminated Food and Drinking Water. J Biomedical Sci Biotechnol Res. 2024;2(1):1–5.

Article  Google Scholar 

Aloui D, et al. Human infection by Trichostrongylus sp in Tunisia: Case report. Tunis Med. 2025;103(2):294.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pozio E. The impact of globalization and climate change on Trichinella spp. epidemiology. Food Waterborne Parasitol. 2022;27:e00154.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Shamsi S, Barton DP. A critical review of anisakidosis cases occurring globally. Parasitol Res. 2023;122(8):1733–45.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Li F, Liu G. Fasciola. In: Molecular medical microbiology. Elsevier; 2024. pp. 3249–3259.

Palillo JA, et al. Detection of zoonotic bacteria and Paragonimus kellicotti in Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and the assessment of traditional crayfish boils. J Food Prot. 2022;85(10):1388–96.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Intirach J, et al. Human parasitic infections of the class Adenophorea: global epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention and control. Infect Dis Poverty. 2024;13(1):48.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Healy SR, et al. First report demonstrating the presence of Toxocara spp. eggs on vegetables grown in community gardens in Europe. Food waterborne Parasitol. 2022;27:e00158.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Pozio E. Foodborne nematodes. Foodborne parasites in the food supply web. In: Gajadhar AA, Editor. Elsevier; 2015. pp. 165–99.

Barlaam A, et al. Contamination of fresh produce sold on the Italian market with Cyclospora cayetanensis and Echinococcus multilocularis. Food Microbiol. 2021;98:103792.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Siwila J. The triple Food-borne protozoan parasites: Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis, cyclospora cayetanensis—Hope in transmission reduction. Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2023;10(3):99–107.

Article  Google Scholar 

Aguilar-Vargas F, et al. Passive epidemiological surveillance in wildlife in Costa Rica identifies pathogens of zoonotic and conservation importance. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(9):e0262063.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Ngobeni R, Gilchrist C, Samie A. Prevalence and distribution of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia lamblia in rural and urban communities of South Africa. Turk J Parasitol. 2022.

Sadhukhan SK. Prevention and control of parasitic zoonoses. In: Textbook of parasitic zoonoses. Springer; 2022. pp. 83–90.

Alban L, et al. Risk-based surveillance for meat-borne parasites. Exp Parasitol. 2020;208:107808.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Panel OHH-LE, et al. Developing one health surveillance systems. One Health. 2023;17:100617.

Article  Google Scholar 

Ogalo JO, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of waterborne and foodborne protozoan pathogens in Kenya: a one health perspective. China CDC Weekly; 2025. 7(3):84.

Ashraf MA et al. Conventional and molecular diagnosis of parasites. In: Parasitism and parasitic control in animals: strategies for the developing world. CABI GB; 2023. pp. 56–72.

Miswan N, Singham G, Othman N. Advantages and limitations of microscopy and molecular detections for diagnosis of soil-transmitted helminths: an overview. Helminthologia. 2022;59(4):321.

Article 

Comments (0)

No login
gif