Panda S, et al. Coordinated transcription of key pathways in the mouse by the circadian clock. Cell. 2002;109(3):307–20.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Reppert SM, Weaver DR. Coordination of circadian timing in mammals. Nature. 2002;418(6901):935–41.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Dibner C, Schibler U, Albrecht U. The mammalian circadian timing system: organization and coordination of central and peripheral clocks. Annu Rev Physiol. 2010;72:517–49.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Mohawk JA, Green CB, Takahashi JS. Central and peripheral circadian clocks in mammals. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2012;35:445–62.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bass J, Takahashi JS. Circadian integration of metabolism and energetics. Science. 2010;330(6009):1349–54.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Moore RY, Lenn NJ. A retinohypothalamic projection in the rat. J Comp Neurol. 1972;146(1):1–14.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Ralph MR, et al. Transplanted suprachiasmatic nucleus determines circadian period. Science. 1990;247(4945):975–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Silver R, et al. A diffusible coupling signal from the transplanted suprachiasmatic nucleus controlling circadian locomotor rhythms. Nature. 1996;382(6594):810–3.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Hastings MH, Maywood ES, Brancaccio M. The mammalian circadian timing system and the suprachiasmatic nucleus as its pacemaker. Biol. 2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology8010013.

Article  Google Scholar 

Herzog ED, et al. Regulating the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) circadian clockwork: interplay between cell-autonomous and circuit-level mechanisms. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a027706.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Turek FW, et al. Obesity and metabolic syndrome in circadian Clock mutant mice. Science. 2005;308(5724):1043–5.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Marcheva B, et al. Disruption of the clock components CLOCK and BMAL1 leads to hypoinsulinaemia and diabetes. Nature. 2010;466(7306):627–31.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Bass J. Circadian topology of metabolism. Nature. 2012;491(7424):348–56.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Schrader LA, et al. Circadian disruption, clock genes, and metabolic health. J Clin Invest. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI170998.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Roenneberg T, et al. Social jetlag and obesity. Curr Biol. 2012;22(10):939–43.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Speksnijder EM, et al. Circadian desynchrony and glucose metabolism. J Pineal Res. 2024;76(4):e12956.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Knutson KL, et al. Role of circadian health in cardiometabolic health and disease risk: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2025;152(21):e408–19.

Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Guan D, Lazar MA. Interconnections between circadian clocks and metabolism. J Clin Invest. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI148278.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Kalsbeek A, et al. Circadian disruption and SCN control of energy metabolism. FEBS Lett. 2011;585(10):1412–26.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Buijs RM, Kalsbeek A. Hypothalamic integration of central and peripheral clocks. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2001;2(7):521–6.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Oosterman JE, et al. Impact of nutrients on circadian rhythmicity. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2015;308(5):R337–50.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bell-Pedersen D, et al. Circadian rhythms from multiple oscillators: lessons from diverse organisms. Nat Rev Genet. 2005;6(7):544–56.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Hut RA, Beersma DG. Evolution of time-keeping mechanisms: early emergence and adaptation to photoperiod. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2011;366(1574):2141–54.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Menaker M, Moreira LF, Tosini G. Evolution of circadian organization in vertebrates. Braz J Med Biol Res. 1997;30(3):305–13.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Falcon J, et al. Melatonin effects on the hypothalamo-pituitary axis in fish. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2007;18(2):81–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Bautista J, et al. Peripheral clocks and systemic zeitgeber interactions: from molecular mechanisms to circadian precision medicine. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025;16:1606242.

Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Du T, et al. Chronic sleep deprivation disturbs energy balance modulated by suprachiasmatic nucleus efferents in mice. BMC Biol. 2024;22(1):296.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Petrenko V, et al. Lipid metabolism around the body clocks. Prog Lipid Res. 2023;91:101235.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Chaput JP, et al. The role of insufficient sleep and circadian misalignment in obesity. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2023;19(2):82–97.

Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Acosta-Galvan G, et al. Interaction between hypothalamic dorsomedial nucleus and the suprachiasmatic nucleus determines intensity of food anticipatory behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(14):5813–8.

Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Tahara Y, Shibata S. Chronobiology Nutr Neurosci. 2013;253:78–88.

CAS  Google Scholar 

Krieger DT, Hauser H, Krey LC. Suprachiasmatic nuclear lesions do not abolish food-shifted circadian adrenal and temperature rhythmicity. Science. 1977;197(4301):398–9.

Article  CAS  PubMed